Rust生命周期-在Arc的RWLock中从vector返回值



我在arc和rwlock相关的生命周期方面遇到了很多麻烦。

struct ComponentContainer<T>{
    id_to_component: HashMap<uint, uint>,
    components: Arc<RWLock<~Vec<T>>>
}

id_to_component是组件id到组件内部Vec索引的映射。

我已经尝试了所有的方法,从直观的:

impl<T: Component> ComponentContainer<T>{
    fn get<'a>(&'a self, id: uint) -> &'a T {
        let idx = self.id_to_component.get(&id);
        self.components.read().get(*idx)
    }
}

到极度冗长(手动存储每个引用):

impl<T: Component> ComponentContainer<T> {
    fn get<'a>(&'a self, id: uint) -> &'a T {
        let idx = self.id_to_component.get(&id);
        let components: &'a RWLock<~Vec<T>> = &'a *self.components;
        let c: &'a RWLock<~Vec<T>> = &'a *components;
        let tmp: &'a RWLockReadGuard<'a, ~Vec<T>> = &'a c.read();
        let v: &'a ~Vec<T> = &'a **tmp;
        v.get(*idx)
    }
}

对于冗长的那个,我最终得到错误:

error: borrowed value does not live long enough
let tmp: &'a RWLockReadGuard<'a, ~Vec<T>> = &'a c.read();
                                            ^~~~~~~~~~~~

根据RWLock.read()的源代码,返回的引用应该具有指定的生命周期,除非我读错了。

编辑:完整的rustc输出短版本

test.rs:18:9: 18:31 error: borrowed value does not live long enough
test.rs:18         self.components.read().get(*idx)
                   ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
test.rs:16:45: 19:6 note: reference must be valid for the lifetime &'a  as defined on the block at 16:44...
test.rs:16     fn get<'a>(&'a self, id: uint) -> &'a T {
test.rs:17         let idx = self.id_to_component.get(&id);
test.rs:18         self.components.read().get(*idx)
test.rs:19     }
test.rs:16:45: 19:6 note: ...but borrowed value is only valid for the block at 16:44
test.rs:16     fn get<'a>(&'a self, id: uint) -> &'a T {
test.rs:17         let idx = self.id_to_component.get(&id);
test.rs:18         self.components.read().get(*idx)
test.rs:19     }
error: aborting due to previous error

read()的签名:

fn read<'a>(&'a self) -> RWLockReadGuard<'a>

返回一个RWLockReadGuard<'a>。这不是对RWLockReadGuard的引用,它是RWLockReadGuard包含生命期'a的引用。

现在你的行:

let tmp: &'a RWLockReadGuard<'a, ~Vec<T>> = &'a c.read();

您正在引用RWLockReadGuard。这意味着被引用的对象必须至少与引用的存在时间一样长。但事实并非如此:该值是c.read()返回的值,不存储在的任何地方。因为它不存储在任何地方,它在语句结束时被丢弃,所以借用是无效的,因为所需的'a比语句长,因此无法满足。

你应该做的是简单地删除&'a部分,直接使用对象:

let tmp: RWLockReadGuard<'a, ~Vec<T>> = c.read();

第一眼我不知道你的简短版本有什么问题,我手边没有生锈。