在Visual Basic中读取文件

Question

我正在开发一个程序，应该遵循以下方向：

1. Create a class with the following (This may or may not be done correctly, I'm not sure)
     Attributes
        strName As String
        dblSalary As Double
     Properties
       name- can be any string
       salary- can only be positive numbers, if the number is negative, set it to equal 10
     computeSalary(intMonths As Integer)
        When called, the salary * number of months is returned.
2. Read in a file selected by the user. (I think I have this part done correctly)
     Must be a txt file
     Filter open file dialog to only show txt files
3. Once the file is read in, the following menu items are available 
     Show Employee Names
         Another form pops up displaying all the employee names read from the file in  a listbox
     Show Employee Salaries
         Another form pops up displaying all the employee salaries read from the file in a listbox
     Show an Employee
         Another form pops up displaying all the employees names read from the file in a listbox
         When a name is selected from the listbox, labels are filled showing that employees' name and salary.
         In this form there's an option to calculate an employees' salary for a given number of months
             When this button is pushed, an input pop up is shown and the user is asked to enter the number of months for which they'd like the salary to be calculated and displays the salary for the given number of months. 
                For example, if an employee makes $1,000 per month and the user enters a 3, $3,000 would be displayed. 

到目前为止，我已经编写了相当不错的一部分代码，而且它对所编写的内容是正确的（据我所知）。打开的文件对话框只显示文本文件，当我选择一个文件时，正确的菜单选项将变灰（是的，我知道这不是一个单词ha），单击这些菜单项中的每一个都会将我带到它们相应的表单。因此，我希望当我得到这个问题的答案时，其他一切都会到位。

我遇到的问题是以这样一种方式读取文件，即只有姓名或工资才会显示在正确的列表框中。如果可能的话，我想用最简单的方式来做这件事，而不必更改我当前代码的很大一部分。

到目前为止，我拥有的是：

Option Strict On
Imports System.IO
Public Class Main
    Private Sub open_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles open.Click
        Dim open As New OpenFileDialog
        open.Filter = "text files |*.txt|All Files|*.*"
        open.InitialDirectory = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory)
        If open.ShowDialog() = Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK Then
            Dim selectedFileName As String = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(open.FileName)
            showNames.Enabled = True
            showSalaries.Enabled = True
            showEmployee.Enabled = True
        End If
        Dim line As String
        Using reader As New StreamReader(open.OpenFile)
            While Not reader.EndOfStream
                line = reader.ReadLine
                Console.WriteLine(line)
            End While
        End Using
    End Sub
    Private Sub ExitToolStripMenuItem_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles ExitToolStripMenuItem.Click
        Me.Close()
        Names.Close()
        Salaries.Close()
        frmTotal.Close()
    End Sub
    Private Sub showNames_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles showNames.Click
        Names.Show()
    End Sub
    Private Sub showSalaries_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles showSalaries.Click
        Salaries.Show()
    End Sub
    Private Sub showEmployee_Click(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles showEmployee.Click
        frmTotal.Show()
    End Sub
End Class
Public Class Project9
    Dim strName As String
    Dim dblSalary As Double
    Private Property Name() As String
        Get
            Return strName
        End Get
        Set(value As String)
            strName = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private Property Salary() As Double
        Get
            Return dblSalary
        End Get
        Set(value As Double)
            If dblSalary < 0 Then
                dblSalary = 10
            End If
            dblSalary = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private Function computeSalary(intMonths As Integer) As Double
        Dim dblTotal As Double = dblSalary * intMonths
        Return dblTotal
    End Function
End Class

这是我的文本文件

Steve McGarret  
1500.00
Danny Williams 
1300.00
Matthew Casey
1700.00
Kelly Severide
1750.00

如果您能提供任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。如果您注意到与类、属性、属性或函数有关的任何错误，请告诉我，我以前从未使用过这些，所以不确定我是否处理得当。

Answer 1

class可以是它们所管理的数据的"主控器"。因此，无论Salaries.Show和Names.Show是什么（以及它们在哪里），它们都可以被内化到Project9类中。您几乎可以肯定地想要属性Public，以便可以访问它们。

一个提示，从VS2012开始，您不再需要以这种方式声明简单的道具：

Public Property Name As String
Public Property Salary as Decimal       ' money almost always should be Decimal

由于VS为您创建了一个_Name变量，因此不再需要后备字段（例如strName）。当你有类似薪资资格的东西时，你需要完整/非自动道具声明。computeSalary函数也是私有的，因此您不能从外部调用它。

您还可以（应该）在创建新实例时添加一个构造函数来填充所需的值（避免每次都必须单独设置名称和薪资）：

Public Sub New(n As String, s As Decimal)
     strName = n
     Salary = s      ' use the code in the prop setter
End Sub

你的代码中没有任何内容可以用来阅读文本文件（我们不知道它的布局），也没有任何东西可以发布到列表框，但这里有一个提示：

Public Overrides Function ToString() As String
     Return strName &  "   "   & decSalary.ToString
End Sub

将该函数添加到Project9类中，并对其进行修改以返回所需的内容。这样，要填充列表框，只需向其中添加一个Project9实例：

 Dim emp As New Project9("Beth", 1000)       ' bad name
 ' creates an emp with the name and salary
 ListBox.Items.Add(emp)

列表框将使用ToString函数进行显示/要只显示姓名或薪水，请使用这些道具

编辑

    Dim newName As String
    Dim newSal As string
    Dim emp As Project9      ' which is crying out for a new name
    Using reader As New StreamReader(open.OpenFile)
        While Not reader.EndOfStream
            newName = reader.ReadLine
            newSal = reader.ReadLine
            emp = New Project9(newName, convert.ToDecimal(newSal))
            ' now, you need somewhere, something to store emp in               
            Console.WriteLine(line)
        End While
    End Using    

或者，如果文本行是"Ziggy Dunbar，1500.00"，您可以读取每个循环交互的一行，将其拆分为"，"以获得数据。照原样，如果文件的名称没有薪水，它将失去同步并崩溃。