带有键作为时间戳的PHP数组&合并不起作用

Question

我想构建一个以Key为时间戳的数组，出于某种原因，当我手动构建它时，它可以工作，但当我尝试合并新项时，它不起作用。

我读到最快的合并方法是使用：array[]，但它在键前面添加了一个索引[0]，[1]，我也需要找到解决这个问题的方法。因为我需要按时间戳访问密钥。

$timeStamp=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
$maxCapArray=array();
// IDEAL MERGING BUT NOT WORKING: $maxCapArray[]= $timeStamp => array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLOBLO');
// (string) NOT WORKING: $maxCapArray[]= (string)$timeStamp => array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLUBLU');
$maxCapArray = array($timeStamp => array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLEBLE')); $maxCapArray = array($timeStamp => array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLIBLI'));
// MANUALLY ONLY TAKES THE LAST ITEM:
echo $maxCapArray[$timeStamp]['Author'];

任何帮助都将不胜感激。

Answer 1

不能添加类似$maxCapArray[]= $timeStamp => array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLOBLO');的元素。

• 你可以这样做：

  $v=array((
  $v[]=数组("a"=>数组(1,2,3((；

将得到：

print_r($v);
Array ( [0] => Array ( [a] => Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 ) ) )

• 或者这个：

  $v["a"]=数组(1,2,3(；

将得到：

print_r($v);
Array ( [a] => Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 ) )

Answer 2

不清楚最终需要什么结构。

我想你可能需要这样的东西：

<?php
// initial an empty array
$maxCapArray=array();
// first run on a day
$timeStampA=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
$maxCapArray[$timestampA] = array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLEBLE');
// second run on a different day
$timeStampB=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
$maxCapArray[$timestampB] = array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLEBLE');
// third run on yet another day
$timeStampC=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
$maxCapArray[$timestampC] = array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLEBLE');
// ...
// to retrieve the Author of a given timestamp
echo $maxCapArray[$timestampA]['Author'];
echo $maxCapArray[$timestampB]['Author'];
echo $maxCapArray[$timestampC]['Author'];
?>

第一行将删除您以前获得的所有数据。请以合乎逻辑的方式使用它们。

另一种猜测：

<?php
// initial an empty array
$maxCapArray=array();
$timeStamp=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
// suppose you want $maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Book'] and $maxCapArray[$timestamp]['author']
// to be arrays
if (!isset($maxCapArray[$timestamp])) $maxCapArray[$timestamp] = array();
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Book'][]   = 'BLABLA';
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author'][] = 'BLEBLE';
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Book'][]   = 'BLABLA 2';
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author'][] = 'BLEBLE 2';
// ...
// you should get an array:
var_dump($maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author']);
?>

更新：你似乎在寻找这个

<?php
// initial an empty array
$maxCapArray=array();
$timeStamp=mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
// suppose you want $maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Book'] and $maxCapArray[$timestamp]['author']
// to be arrays
if (!isset($maxCapArray[$timestamp])) $maxCapArray[$timestamp] = array();
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author']['Book 1'] = 'Author 1';
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author']['Book 2'] = 'Author 2';
$maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author']['Book 3'] = 'Author 2';
// ...
// review your array:
var_dump($maxCapArray[$timestamp]['Author']);
// retrieve
$author_name = 'Author A';
$book_name = 'Book 1';
echo $maxCapArray[$timestamp][$author_name][$book_name];
?>

更多建议

一个数组只对1种特定情况执行索引结构。几天后，你可能需要另一个。也许你需要按书搜索作者，或者按书搜索时间戳。谁知道呢？

我建议您在这些情况下使用关系数据库。您可以在MySQL中创建一个数据库表，如下所示：

+-----------+---------------------+------------------------------------------+---------------------+
| record_id | author              | book                                     | timestamp           |
+-----------+---------------------+------------------------------------------+---------------------+
| 1         | Jules Verne         | Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea    | 2013-01-12 12:24:00 |
| 2         | Jules Verne         | Journey to the Center of the Earth       | 2013-01-12 13:01:00 |
| 3         | William Shakespeare | Hamlet                                   | 2013-01-12 16:51:00 |
+-----------+---------------------+------------------------------------------+---------------------+

MySQL将自动完成所有的索引工作。

然后，当你需要数据时，你可以连接到数据库并读取：

<?php
// connect to 
mysql_connect('localhost', 'db_user', 'db_password');
mysql_select_db('library_database');
// ask database of books of a certain timestamp and of certain author
$results = mysql_query('SELECT author FROM book_records WHERE 
  timestamp="2013-01-12 13:01:00" AND book="Journey to the Center of the Earth"');
// read the database's answer to $books array
$authors = array();
while (($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($results)) != FALSE) {
  $authors = $row['author'];
}
// you may examine the array here
// this is a list of author of the specific timestamp
// and of specific book
var_dump($authors);
?>

如果你还有其他需要，你可以更改代码：

<?php
// connect to 
mysql_connect('localhost', 'db_user', 'db_password');
mysql_select_db('library_database');

// if you want to have all the timestamp of a book and an author
// you may just do this
$results = mysql_query('SELECT timestamp FROM book_records WHERE 
  author="Jules Verne" AND book="Journey to the Center of the Earth"');

// read the database's answer to $books array
$timestamps = array();
while (($row = mysql_fetch_assoc($results)) != FALSE) {
  $timestamps = $row['timestamp'];
}
// this is the list of related timestamp
var_dump($timestamps);
?>

Answer 3

您可能正在寻找以下内容：

$timeStamp = mktime(0, 0, 0, date("m"), date("d"), date("Y"));
$maxCapArray = array();
$maxCapArray[$timeStamp] = array();
$maxCapArray[$timeStamp][] = array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLEBLE');
$maxCapArray[$timeStamp][] = array('Book'=>'BLABLA','Author'=>'BLIBLI');
echo $maxCapArray[$timeStamp][0]['Author']; // == BLEBLE

请注意，如果使用array_merge()合并数字索引数组，则键将从零开始重新索引，请参阅http://php.net/manual/en/function.array-merge.php