我已经建立了一个新的数据库，用于在PostgreSQL中安装话语。当我运行rake-db:migrate时，它创建了大部分表，但随后失败了：
-- execute("INSERT INTO archetypes (name_key, created_at, updated_at) VALUES ('poll', CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, CURRENT_TIMESTAMP)")
-> 0.0009s
-- add_column(:forum_threads, :archetype_id, :integer, {:default=>1, :null=>false})
-> 0.0209s
== CreateArchetypes: migrated (0.0424s) ======================================
== AddMetaDataToForumThreads: migrating ======================================
-- execute("CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS hstore")
rake aborted!
An error has occurred, this and all later migrations canceled:
PG::Error: ERROR: could not open extension control file "/usr/share/postgresql/9.1/extension/hstore.control": No such file or directory
: CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS hstore
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/bundler/gems/MiniProfiler-d149f34fcdb6/Ruby/lib/patches/sql_patches.rb:155:in `exec'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/bundler/gems/MiniProfiler-d149f34fcdb6/Ruby/lib/patches/sql_patches.rb:155:in `async_exec'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:652:in `block in execute'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:280:in `block in log'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activesupport-3.2.12/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter.rb:275:in `log'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:651:in `execute'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:466:in `block in method_missing'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:438:in `block in say_with_time'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:438:in `say_with_time'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:458:in `method_missing'
/root/discourse/db/migrate/20120921162512_add_meta_data_to_forum_threads.rb:3:in `change'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:407:in `block (2 levels) in migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:407:in `block in migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:129:in `with_connection'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:389:in `migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:528:in `migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:720:in `block (2 levels) in migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:775:in `call'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:775:in `block in ddl_transaction'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/database_statements.rb:192:in `transaction'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/transactions.rb:208:in `transaction'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:775:in `ddl_transaction'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:719:in `block in migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:700:in `each'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:700:in `migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:570:in `up'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/migration.rb:551:in `migrate'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/gems/activerecord-3.2.12/lib/active_record/railties/databases.rake:179:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval'
/usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p385/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `<main>'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
有线索吗？
在尝试CREATE EXTENSION [...] hstore时，数据库错误"无法打开扩展控制文件"显示未安装扩展hstore。
在Ubuntu上，您可以通过安装postgresql-contrib软件包来安装扩展。
sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib
用户terryjray记录了在Gist中启用hstore。
如果您的ubuntu上安装了两个Postgresql，例如9.1和9.3
在运行特定版本的安装之前，您可能需要使用他们的说明添加正确的postgres repo，我在下面转述了这些说明，以防它们消失：
deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ UBUNTU_VERSION_NAME-pgdg main
sudo apt-get install wget ca-certificates
wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
apt-get update
（UBUNTU_VERSION_NAME应替换为trusty或您的版本名称）
然后可以使用以下命令在每个服务器上分别安装hstore扩展：
Postgresql 9.1:
sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib-9.1
Postgresql9.3:
sudo apt-get install postgresql-contrib