cURL XML POST有效，但不适用于Python请求-第三方专家评分API(带示例)

Question

我正试图发出一个POST请求，将XML数据发送到第三方服务器，它可以使用cmd行curl，但不能使用python请求库（我需要使用它）。我省略了用户名、密码和域URL。我正在使用请求===2.2.1

路缘石示例（工程）：

请求：

$ curl --data '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><request><authentication partnerid="12345" password="mypass1234" /><method name="GetTestList" /></request>' 'http://dev.expertrating.com/mydomain/webservices/'

响应：

<response><result name="GetTestList"><records><record test_id="6683" test_name="Demo Adobe Photoshop CS3 Test" coverage="Layers ;Type ;Automating Tasks and Keyboard Shortcuts ;Workspace ;Working with Images, Retouching and Transforming ;Color Management ;Color and Tonal Adjustments ;Using Selection and Drawing ;Filters and Saving Images ;Working With Web, Video and Animation" total_questions="10" duration="10" passing_marks="60" category="Demo Tests" /><record test_id="6684" test_name="Demo Programming with C++ Test" coverage="Classes ;Constructors ;Variables and Datatypes" total_questions="10" duration="10" passing_marks="60" category="Demo Tests" /><record test_id="6685" test_name="Demo HTML 4.01 Test" coverage="Advanced Tags ;Fundamentals ;Tags ;Tables ;Links and Images ;Forms and Frames" total_questions="10" duration="10" passing_marks="60" category="Demo Tests" /><record test_id="6682" test_name="Demo Editing Skills Certification" coverage="Prepositions ;Parallel Construction ;Comma Usage ;Punctuation ;Misplaced Modifiers ;Apostrophe Usage ;Sentence Structure ;Pronoun Usage ;Tenses ;Article Usage" total_questions="10" duration="10" passing_marks="60" category="Demo Tests" /></records></result></response>

请求示例：（失败）（通过ipython/django）

IPython:

In [1]: import requests
In [2]: payload = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><request><authentication partnerid="12345" password="mypass1234" /><method name="GetTestList" /></request>'
In [3]: r = requests.post('http://dev.expertrating.com/mydomain/webservices/', data=payload, headers={'Content-Type': 'application/xml'})
In [4]: r.text
Out[4]: u"<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><response><error id='101' message='Invalid Request'><info>You have not posted a valid request.</info></error></response>"

我对请求字符串的编码是否错误？包括错误的标题？我确实复制/粘贴了url和有效负载xml。我还尝试过使用urllib2进行POSTing，但也有类似的失败结果。

任何帮助都将不胜感激，提前感谢任何读到这篇文章的人。

Answer 1

它通过将Content-Type标头设置为Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded而不是Content-Type: application/xml来工作。