我的find命令用法有什么问题

Question

我试图找到所有名称与某些C++文件扩展名匹配的文件，但排除了与以下模式匹配的某些目录：

find /home/palchan/code -name "*.[CcHh]" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.hpp" -a ! -name "*pattern*"

这仍然给我一些输出文件，比如：

/home/palchan/code/libFox/pattern/hdr/fox/RedFox.H

哪个有图案？

这里有一个例子：

> ls -R .
.:
libFox
./libFox:
RedFox.C  RedFox.H  pattern
./libFox/pattern:
RedFox.C  RedFox.H

然后我运行：

> find . ( -name "*.[HC]" -a ! -name "*pattern*" )
./libFox/pattern/RedFox.C
./libFox/pattern/RedFox.H
./libFox/RedFox.C
./libFox/RedFox.H

Answer 1

以下内容应该有效：

find /home/palchan/code ( -name "*pattern*" ) -prune -o -type f ( -name "*.[CcHh]" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.hpp" ) -print

来自man find:

 -name pattern
          Base of file name (the path with the leading directories removed) matches shell pattern pattern.  The metacharacters (`*', `?', and `[]')  match
          a  `.'  at the start of the base name (this is a change in findutils-4.2.2; see section STANDARDS CONFORMANCE below).  To ignore a directory and
          the files under it, use -prune; see an example in the description of -path.  Braces are not recognised as being special, despite the  fact  that
          some  shells  including  Bash  imbue  braces  with  a special meaning in shell patterns.  The filename matching is performed with the use of the
          fnmatch(3) library function.   Don't forget to enclose the pattern in quotes in order to protect it from expansion by the shell.

因此，基本上，应该使用-prune来排除目录，而不是! -name something

Answer 2

尝试这样做：

find /home/palchan/code ( -name "*.[CcHh]" -o -name "*.cpp" -o -name "*.hpp" -a ! -name "*pattern*" )