如何在c++中从文件中给出输入数据

Question

我有一个Bellman's Ford算法的c++源代码。它获得一个包含节点、边、源节点和目标节点的输入文件，并返回从一个节点到另一个节点的最短路径。文件类型:

30 150 29 30  //Vertices,Nodes,SourceNode,DestinationNode  
30 25 20     // Node30 , to Node 25 , Weight 20
1 2 29
1 3 68
24 22 8
1 5 61
24 23 76
5 4 62

所以，我想让它从文件中读取输入，如:

30 150   //Vertices,Nodes  
30 25 20   // Node30 , to Node 25 , Weight 20
1 2 29
1 3 68
24 22 8
1 5 61
24 23 76
5 4 62
29 30  //SourceNode,DestinationNode

这是我的源代码:

   #include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <string>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>
#include <vector>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>
#define MaxN 111111
#define INF 1000000000
using namespace std;
int n, m, s, f;
vector< pair<int, int> > adj[MaxN];
int d[MaxN];
int rear, front;
int queue[MaxN];
bool inqueue[MaxN];
void input(){
    int i, u, v, w;
    cin >> n >> m >> s >> f;
    for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
        adj[i].clear();
    for (i = 1; i <= m; i++){
        cin >> u >> v >> w;
        adj[u].push_back(make_pair(v, w));
        adj[v].push_back(make_pair(u, w));
    }
}
void push(int v){
    if (inqueue[v]) return;
    front = (front + 1) % n;
    queue[front] = v;
    inqueue[v] = true;
}
int pop(){
    rear = (rear + 1) % n;
    int v = queue[rear];
    inqueue[v] = false;
    return v;
}
void Bellman_Ford(){
    int i, u, v, w;
    memset(inqueue, false, sizeof(inqueue));
    for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) d[i] = INF;
    d[s] = 0;
    rear = 0;
    front = 0;
    push(s);
    while  (rear != front){
        u = pop();
        for (i = 0; i < adj[u].size(); i++){
            v = adj[u][i].first;
            w = adj[u][i].second;
            if (d[v] > d[u] + w){
                d[v] = d[u] + w;
                push(v);
            }
        }
    }

    if (d[f] == INF) cout << "-1" << endl; cout << d[f] << endl;
}
int main(){
    freopen("net30.txt", "r", stdin);
    freopen("output.txt", "w", stdout);
    input();
    Bellman_Ford();
}

Thanks in advance

Answer 1

如果你想修改你的输入以从输入格式2中读取，那么只需对你的输入函数做以下更改:

void input(){
    int i, u, v, w;
    ifstream fin("net30.txt");
    fin >> n >> m ;
    for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) 
        adj[i].clear();
    for (i = 1; i <= m; i++){
        fin >> u >> v >> w;
        adj[u].push_back(make_pair(v, w));
        adj[v].push_back(make_pair(u, w));
    }
    fin >> s >> f;
    fin.close();
}

然而，要转换文件的内容，您需要编写一个单独的函数来读取文件内容，然后将其重新写入同一个文件。这个函数将执行以下操作:

void changeInputFileFormat(){
    int i, u, v, w;
    ifstream fin("net30.txt");
    fin >> n >> m >> s >> f;
    vector<pair<int,pair<int,int> > > edges;
    for (i = 1; i <= m; i++){
        fin >> u >> v >> w;
        edges.push_back(make_pair(u, make_pair(v, w)));
    }
    fin.close();

    ofstream fout("net30.txt");
    //for converting to format 2
    fout<<n<<" "<<m<<endl;
    for( int i=0; i<edges.size(); i++ ){
        fout<<edges[i].first<<" "<<edges[i].second.first<<" "<<edges[i].second.second<<endl;
    }
    fout<<s<<" "<<f<<endl;
    fout.close();
}