默认git配置文件中应该包含的内容

Question

有一系列令人困惑的选项可以通过git config进行设置，而这些选项只是文档中的选项。在所有这些选项中，每个开发人员都应该在自己的盒子上设置哪些选项（如user.email）？在常见情况下（如Windows上的core.autocrlf=input），最常见的设置是什么？但请远离宗教争论（比如core.whitespace的唯一可接受的设置是tab-in-indent）。

Answer 1

您的全局gitconfig（~/.gitconfig）应该真正包含适用于所有存储库的设置。主要是像user.name、user.email、core.editor、merge和diff这样的东西应该设置得非常一致。话虽如此，我也喜欢启用color、core.pager、rerere、rebase.autosquash和一系列别名。

[color]
    filemode = false
    diff = auto
    status = auto
    branch = auto
    pager = true
[alias]
    b = branch
    ci = commit
    co = checkout
    cob = checkout -b
    d = diff
    l = log
    lg = log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit --date=relative
    lga = log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit --date=relative --branches
    st = status
    fixup = !sh -c 'git commit -a -m "fixup! $(git log -1 --format='%s' $@)"' -
    squash = !sh -c 'git commit -a -m "squash! $(git log -1 --format='%s' $@)"' -
    ri = rebase --interactive
    rc = rebase --continue
    pr = push gerrit HEAD:refs/for/master
    mt = mergetool
[user]
    email = REDACTED
    name = Matt Henkel
[core]
    pager = less -FRSX
    excludes = ~/.gitexcludes
    editor = vim
[rerere]
    enabled = true
    autoupdate = true
[rebase]
    autosquash = true
[merge]
    tool = kdiff3
[mergetool "kdiff3"]
    keepBackup = false
    trustExitCode = false
[diff]
    tool = kdiff3

Answer 2

以下是一些最常见的配置设置的注释列表。当然，每个人的环境/language/os/git工作流都是不同的，因此您可能需要对其进行一些调整，但这些是一些最常见的配置变量。

[user]
    # these are about the most basic and should pretty much always exist
    email = [e-mail]
    name = Your Name
[core]
    # if you use windows
    #autocrlf = true
    # use aggressive compression
    # can make your repo smaller but can also be slow
    compression = 9
    # lets you define a global .gitignore for all those 
    # *.swp, *~, *.o, etc things that you're frequently 
    # sticking in .gitignore
    excludesfile = ~/.gitignore_global
    # tells git to ignore file permission changes
    filemode = false
    # lets you tweak the default pager
    # see `man less` for the meaning of these flags
    pager = 'less -FRSX'
    # probably not a good default for most projects, 
    # but you should uncomment with something based on your needs
    #whitespace = tab-in-indent
[color]
    # this turns on default colors for many commands
    # or you can customize specific colors per command (see [3] for example)
    ui = auto
[rerere]
    # google `git rerere`, basically git remembers your
    # partial merge choices and replays them next time
    enabled = true
    autoupdate = true
[push]
    # lets you say just `git push origin` to push the current branch
    default = current 
[alias]
    # this is the most subjective section 
    # aliases are useful if you either frequently typo certain words
    # or else if you are used to another VC like cvs or svn
    co = checkout
    ci = commit
    st = status
    br = branch -av
    brdel = branch -D
    # Show all of my configured aliases
    aliases = !git config --list | grep 'alias\.' | sed 's/alias\.\([^=]*\)=\(.*\)/\1\ t => \2/' | sort
    # pretty much everybody has their favorite log format view
    # you can find dozens of variations with a quick google
    # here are couple of the most common (the first is my favorite)
    lg = log --graph --pretty=format:'%Cred%h%Creset -%C(yellow)%d%Creset %s %Cgreen(%cr) %C(bold blue)<%an>%Creset' --abbrev-commit --date=relative
    hist = log --pretty=format:"%h %ad | %s%d [%an]" --graph --date=short

答案从几个来源合并：

1. https://githowto.com/aliases
2. https://www.javacodegeeks.com/2013/06/git-configuration-options-you-cant-miss.html
3. http://michaelwales.com/articles/make-gitconfig-work-for-you/#colored-输出
4. https://wildlyinaccurate.com/useful-git-configuration-items/