我在遍历多维数组和返回元素索引时遇到问题。我正在做的是创建一个MoveUp函数，它在多维数组中移动。
目前，我的find方法将返回多维数组第一个索引中第一个数组中对象的正确索引。多维数组外的其余项目将返回错误：
UnboundLocalError: 'local variable 'column' refrenced before assignment'
在MoveUp函数中，我也得到了一个错误。我将字段数组中的一个项目设置为"活动"，并希望它成为在数组中向上移动的起点。但由于某种原因，我的代码给了我这个错误。
AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'status'
class Square:
def SetName(self, name):
self.name = name
def SetOwner(self,name):
self.controlled_by = name
def SetLED(self, name):
self.led = name
def SetPosition(self, position):
self.posiion = position
def SetStatus(self, status):
self.status = status
B1_A = Square()
B1_A.SetName("B_R1_A")
B1_A.SetOwner("Open")
B1_A.SetLED("Off")
B1_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
B1_B = Square()
B1_B.SetName("B_R1_B")
B1_B.SetOwner("Open")
B1_B.SetLED("Off")
B1_B.SetStatus("UnActive")
B2_A = Square()
B2_A.SetName("B_R2_A")
B2_A.SetOwner("Open")
B2_A.SetLED("Off")
B2_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
B2_B = Square()
B2_B.SetName("R_R2_B")
B2_B.SetOwner("Open")
B2_B.SetLED("Off")
B2_B.SetStatus("UnActive")
B3_A = Square()
B3_A.SetName("R_R3_A")
B3_A.SetOwner("Open")
B3_A.SetLED("Off")
B3_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
R1_A = Square()
R1_A.SetName("R_R1_A")
R1_A.SetOwner("Open")
R1_A.SetLED("Off")
R1_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
R1_B = Square()
R1_B.SetName("R_R1_B")
R1_B.SetOwner("Open")
R1_B.SetLED("Off")
R1_B.SetStatus("UnActive")
R2_A = Square()
R2_A.SetName("R_R2_A")
R2_A.SetOwner("Open")
R2_A.SetLED("Off")
R2_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
R2_B = Square()
R2_B.SetName("R_R2_B")
R2_B.SetOwner("Open")
R2_B.SetLED("Off")
R2_B.SetStatus("UnActive")
R3_A = Square()
R3_A.SetName("R_R3_A")
R3_A.SetOwner("Open")
R3_A.SetLED("Off")
R3_A.SetStatus("UnActive")
# MultiDimensional Array
Field = [[B1_A,B1_B],[B2_A,B2_B],[B3_A],[R3_A],[R2_A,R2_B],[R1_A,R1_B]]
#Find Index of Element in MultiDimenstional Array
def find(l, elem):
for row, i in enumerate(l):
try:
column = i.index(elem)
return row, column
except ValueError:
return row, column
return -1
print(find(Field, B1_A)) #Returns (0,0) Correct
print(find(Field, B1_B)) #Returns (0,1) Correct
#print(find(Field, B2_B)) #Throws Error
# Set a Square Status Active
B1_B.status ="Active"
def MoveUp():
#Iterate through each item in Field
for i in Field:
#if item status equal to Active
if i.status == "Active":
#if item index 3 item in the multidimensional array
if find(Field, i) == (2,0):
#current position is this index
current_position = (find(Field, i))
print(current_position)
#new position is this index + 1
new_position = current_position + 1
#old position if new position - 1
old_position = new_position - 1
#Set the servos status in the new postion to Active
Field(new_position).status = "Active"
#Set the servos status in the old position to UnActive
Field(old_position).status = "UnActive"
else:
#current position is this index
current_position = (find(Field, i))
#new position is this index + 2
new_position = current_position + 2
#old position if new position - 2
old_position = new_position - 2
#Set the servos status in the new postion to Active
Field(new_position).status = "Active"
#Set the servos status in the old position to UnActive
Field(old_position).status = "UnActive"
MoveUp()
由于试图返回不存在的值而出现的第一个错误。
#Find Index of Element in MultiDimenstional Array
def find(l, elem):
for row, i in enumerate(l):
try:
column = i.index(elem)
return row, column
except ValueError:
#here is error column not exists.
#return row, column
pass
#becouse it's normal that one of array don't have needed item
#you should pass
return -1
print(find(Field, B1_A)) #Returns (0,0) Correct
print(find(Field, B1_B)) #Returns (0,1) Correct
print(find(Field, B2_B)) #will Return (1,1)
第二个错误是，您试图将2d数组用作1d数组。
def MoveUp():
#Iterate through each item in Field
for SubFields in Field:
#Every Field item is Array of Fields
#ie [B1_A,B1_B] You need to iterator over this sub field.
for i in SubFields:
#if item status equal to Active
if i.status == "Active":
#if item index 3 item in the multidimensional array
if find(Field, i) == (2,0):
#current position is this index
current_position = (find(Field, i))
print(current_position)
#new position is this index + 1
# here is another error, but you will not get it with you test data
#current_position is tuple (2, 0)
#you can't add 1 to tuple
#I don't know what you trying to do here, so can't help with it.
new_position = current_position + 1 #ERROR!!!
#old position if new position - 1
old_position = new_position - 1
#Set the servos status in the new postion to Active
Field(new_position).status = "Active" #also error Field is array not function
#Set the servos status in the old position to UnActive
Field(old_position).status = "UnActive"
else:
#current position is this index
current_position = (find(Field, i))
更新：如果你想在数组中找到（并获得）任何深度的项目，试试这个：
#really crazy multidimensional array
Field = [ [ B1_A ],
[
[ [B1_B],
[[B2_A]] ],
[ [B2_B, B3_A] ]
],
[[ [ [[R3_A]] ],
[ [[R2_A],[R2_B]] ] ]] ]
def find(l, needle):
"""Search for needle in l.
If found returns path to needle, otherwise return empty array"""
def find_path( l, needle ):
"""Search for needle in l.
If found returns reversed path to needle, otherwise return empty array"""
for index, item in enumerate(l):
if type(item) is list:
sub_path = find_path( item, needle )
if sub_path:
sub_path.append( index )
return sub_path
elif item == needle:
return [ index ]
return []
path = find_path( l, needle )
path.reverse()
return path
def get_by_path( l, path ):
"""Get element of list l by it's path.
If path is incorrect throw IndexError"""
item = l
for i in path:
item = item[i]
return item
print( find( Field, B3_A ) ) # print [1, 1, 0, 1]
print( get_by_path( Field, find( Field, B3_A ) ).name ) #print R_R3_A
print( find( Field, R2_B ) ) # print [2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0]
print( get_by_path( Field, [2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0] ).name ) #print R_R2_B