输入文本文件和单词列表，并打印带有行号的相应单词

Question

这是我的代码。这仅适用于一个单词，并且它会打印相同的单词两次。我怎样才能使它通过单词列表和文本文件并打印带有编号行的单词。例如：

index (‘raven.txt’, [‘raven’, ‘mortal’, ‘dying’, ‘ghost’, ghastly’, ‘evil’, ‘demon’])
ghost   9
dying   9
demon   122
evil     99, 106
ghastly  82
mortal   30

我的代码：

filename = input("type a filename:")
file = open(filename)
counter = 0
lst = []
while True:
   x = input("type word:")
   for line in file.readlines():
       counter += 1
       if line.find(x) >= 0:
           print(x, counter)

Answer 1

通过使用集合，您可以或多或少地一次检查所有关键字，而无需循环。

def index(filepath, keywords):
  # Convert list to a set
  keys = set(keywords)
  data = {}
  with open(filepath, "r") as fd:
    for i, line in enumerate(fd.readlines()):
      for key in set.intersection(keys, set(line.split())):
        data.setdefault(key, []).append(i)
  return data
filepath = raw_input("Enter file: ")
keywords = raw_input("Enter keywords: ").split()
data = index(filepath, keywords)
for key in sorted(data.keys()):
  print "%s :: %s"%(key, ", ".join([str(i) for i in sorted(data[key])]))

使用下面的测试文件，输出将是：

>python kaka.py
Enter file: test.txt
Enter keywords: help some test
help :: 3, 7
test :: 0, 3, 7

测试.txt：

ssdfsdf test sdfsdf
sdf
sdfsdfs
sdf help test
sdfsdf
sdfsdf help test

Answer 2

file.readlines()返回一个生成器。生成器中的项目只能访问一次。为了再次访问生成器中的 iterms，您必须重新初始化它。

相反，您可以将文件的所有行添加到列表中，然后在每次向程序输入单词时搜索此列表。

filename = input("type a filename:")
file = open(filename)
files_lines = [line for line in file]
counter = 0
while True:
    x = input("type word:")
    for line in files_lines:
        counter += 1
        if line.find(x) >= 0:
            print(x, counter)
    # Reset the counter so that for the next search 
    # word the line number begins from line number = 0
    counter = 0

可以使用枚举进一步改进代码

filename = input("type a filename:")
file = open(filename)
files_lines = [line for line in file]
while True:
    x = input("type word:")
    line_nos = []
    for line_no, line in enumerate(files_lines, start=1):
        if line.find(x) >= 0:
            line_nos.append(line_no)
    if line_nos:
        print(x, line_nos)