在我的MS SQL 2008 R2数据库中,我有这个表:
TABLE [Hierarchy]
[ParentCategoryId] [uniqueidentifier] NULL,
[ChildCategoryId] [uniqueidentifier] NOT NULL
我需要编写一个查询,该查询将生成通向给定节点的所有路径。
假设我有以下树:
A
-B
--C
-D
--C
将存储为:
NULL | A
A | B
A | D
B | C
D | C
当询问C的路径时,我希望得到两个路径(写得或多或少像这样):
A > B > C,
A > D > C
这是我的解决方案,Sql Fiddle
DECLARE @child VARCHAR(10) = 'C'
;WITH children AS
(
SELECT
ParentCategoryId,
CAST(ISNULL(ParentCategoryId + '->' ,'') + ChildCategoryId AS VARCHAR(4000)) AS Path
FROM Hierarchy
WHERE ChildCategoryId = @child
UNION ALL
SELECT
t.ParentCategoryId,
list= CAST(ISNULL(t.ParentCategoryId + '->' ,'') + d.Path AS VARCHAR(4000))
FROM Hierarchy t
INNER JOIN children AS d
ON t.ChildCategoryId = d.ParentCategoryId
)
SELECT Path
from children c
WHERE ParentCategoryId IS NULL
输出:A->D->C
A->B->C
更新:
@AlexeiMalashkevich,要获取id,你可以试试这个
SQL小提琴DECLARE @child VARCHAR(10) = 'C'
;WITH children AS
(
SELECT
ParentCategoryId,
ChildCategoryId AS Path
FROM Hierarchy
WHERE ChildCategoryId = @child
UNION ALL
SELECT
t.ParentCategoryId,
d.ParentCategoryId
FROM Hierarchy t
INNER JOIN children AS d
ON t.ChildCategoryId = d.ParentCategoryId
)
SELECT DISTINCT PATH
from children c
可能的解决方案是使用@a_horse_with_no_name:
所提到的递归CTECREATE TABLE [Hierarchy](
[ParentCategoryId] CHAR(1) NULL,
[ChildCategoryId] CHAR(1) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO Hierarchy
SELECT NULL, 'A' UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'B' UNION ALL
SELECT 'A', 'D' UNION ALL
SELECT 'B', 'C' UNION ALL
SELECT 'D', 'C';
WITH CTE AS (
SELECT
ParentCategoryId, ChildCategoryId,
CAST(ISNULL(ParentCategoryId,'') + ChildCategoryId AS VARCHAR(255)) [Path]
FROM Hierarchy
WHERE ParentCategoryId IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT
H.ParentCategoryId, H.ChildCategoryId,
CAST(C.[Path] + ' > ' + H.ChildCategoryId AS VARCHAR(255)) [Path]
FROM Hierarchy H
INNER JOIN CTE C ON C.ChildCategoryId = H.ParentCategoryId
) SELECT * FROM CTE;
这是个有趣的层次结构。似乎允许父母成为他们孩子的孩子。如果发生这种情况,代码逻辑就会中断,但只要不发生这种情况,就应该正常工作。
Create Function dbo.IdentifyHierarchyPaths (@DeepestChildNode UniqueIdentifier)
Returns @hierarchy Table
(
Hierarchy Varchar(Max)
)
As
Begin
;With BuildHier As
(
Select Convert(Varchar(Max),h2.ChildCategoryId) As child, Convert(Varchar(Max),h1.ChildCategoryId) + ' > ' + Convert(Varchar(Max),h2.ChildCategoryId) As hier
From Hierarchy h1
Left Join Hierarchy h2
On h1.ChildCategoryId = h2.ParentCategoryId
Where h1.ParentCategoryId Is Null
Union All
Select Convert(Varchar(Max),h1.ChildCategoryId) As child, bh.hier + ' > ' + Convert(Varchar(Max),h1.ChildCategoryId) As hier
From BuildHier bh
Join Hierarchy h1
On bh.child = h1.ParentCategoryId
), HierWithTopLevel As
(
Select Convert(Varchar(Max),ChildCategoryId) As hierarchy
From Hierarchy
Where ParentCategoryId Is Null
Union
Select hier
From BuildHier
)
Insert @hierarchy
Select hierarchy
From HierWithTopLevel
Where Right(hierarchy,36) = Convert(Varchar(36),@DeepestChildNode);
Return;
End;