在python中定义具有类作用域的全局变量的正确方法是什么?
来自C/C++/Java背景,我认为这是正确的:
class Shape:
lolwut = None
def __init__(self, default=0):
self.lolwut = default;
def a(self):
print self.lolwut
def b(self):
self.a()
您所拥有的是正确的,尽管您不会将其称为全局属性,但它是一个类属性,可以通过类(例如Shape.lolwut
)或实例(例如shape.lolwut
)访问,但在设置时要小心,因为它将设置实例级属性,而不是类属性
class Shape(object):
lolwut = 1
shape = Shape()
print Shape.lolwut, # 1
print shape.lolwut, # 1
# setting shape.lolwut would not change class attribute lolwut
# but will create it in the instance
shape.lolwut = 2
print Shape.lolwut, # 1
print shape.lolwut, # 2
# to change class attribute access it via class
Shape.lolwut = 3
print Shape.lolwut, # 3
print shape.lolwut # 2
输出:
1 1 1 2 3 2
有些人可能期望输出为1 1 2 2 3 3
,但这将是不正确的