如何调整我的 Swift 代码以给出二次曲线的虚解



我在 Swift 中创建了一个函数来求解二次函数并给出解决方案。我不知道如何调整我的函数,以便它给出想象的解决方案而不是打印,"没有真正的解决方案"。

我对编程相对较新,可以使用一些帮助。这是我的代码:

func quadraticFormulaSolver(variableA a: Double, variableB b: Double, variableC c: Double) -> (Double, Double) {
let firstSolution: Double = (-b + sqrt((b * b) + (-4.0 * a * c))) / 2.0
let secondSolution: Double = (-b - sqrt((b * b) + (-4.0 * a * c))) / 2.0
let checkSolution: Double = sqrt((b * b) + (-4.0 * a * c))
if checkSolution > 0 {
    print("There are two real solutions and they are (firstSolution) and (secondSolution)")
    return(firstSolution, secondSolution) }
guard firstSolution != 0.0 else {
    print("There is one real solution and it is (firstSolution)")
   return(firstSolution, secondSolution) }

guard checkSolution < 0 else {
print("There are no real solutions")
    return(firstSolution, secondSolution) }
    return(firstSolution, secondSolution)
}

由于您的函数可以返回几个不同的选择,因此让我们创建一个Enum来表示这些选项:

enum QuadraticSolution {
    case TwoReal(firstSolution: Double, secondSolution: Double)
    case OneReal(solution: Double)
    case TwoNonReal
}

我们一会儿再来TwoNonReal

您的函数现在可以返回此枚举的实例:

func quadraticFormulaSolver(variableA a: Double, variableB b: Double, variableC c: Double) -> QuadraticSolution {

为了使代码更具可读性,让我们过滤掉判别式:

    let discriminant = (b * b) - (4.0 * a * c)

然后我们可以对它使用 switch 语句。如果它是积极的,你就有两个真正的根源。如果为零,则有一个实数(重复)根。如果它是负数,则有两个非实根:

    switch discriminant {
    case _ where discriminant > 0:
        let firstSolution = (-b + sqrt(discriminant)) / (2.0 * a)
        let secondSolution = (-b - sqrt(discriminant)) / (2.0 * a)
        return .TwoReal(firstSolution: firstSolution, secondSolution: secondSolution)
    case _ where discriminant == 0:
        let solution = (-b) / (2.0 * a)
        return .OneReal(solution: solution)
    default: // discriminant is negative
        return .TwoNonReal
    }
}

Swift 没有非实数的内置类型。与其重新发明轮子,我建议你在你的应用程序中嵌入swift-pons

完成此操作后,您可以更改TwoNonReal枚举以返回两个Complex数字:

    case TwoNonReal(firstSolution: Complex, secondSolution: Complex)

然后你可以这样计算它们:

    default: // discriminant is negative
        let base = (-b) / (2.0 * a)
        let firstSolution = base + (Complex.sqrt(-1.0 * discriminant)) / (2.0 * a)
        let secondSolution = base - (Complex.sqrt(-1.0 * discriminant)) / (2.0 * a)
        return .TwoNonReal(firstSolution: firstSolution, secondSolution: secondSolution)
    }

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