后续问题,因为对OP代码进行了更改。另一位用户建议我将另一个问题链接到这个问题。
OP是:为什么编译器即使没有任何错误也不运行程序?
我有一个可以编译的代码,但它不能运行。我正在尝试让 GUI 运行,以便我可以添加代码来执行我需要的功能。代码如下:
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
public class Transaction extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
// JFrame frame = new JFrame("Bank Account - S Standridge");
JMenuBar menuBar;
JMenu file = new JMenu("File");
JMenu edit = new JMenu("Edit");
JMenu about = new JMenu("About");
JMenuItem transaction = new JMenuItem("Transaction");
JMenuItem summary = new JMenuItem("Summary");
JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("Exit");
private JPanel mp;
private JPanel tp;
private JPanel bp;
private JButton calcButton;
private JButton exitButton;
private JMenuItem summaryMenuItem;
private JMenuItem aboutMenuItem;
private JMenuItem exitMenuItem;
public Transaction() {
setTitle("Bank Account - S Standridge");
mp = new JPanel();
tp = new JPanel();
bp = new JPanel();
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
menuPanel();
transactionPanel();
BuildButtonPanel();
add(mp, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(tp, BorderLayout.WEST);
add(bp, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
public void summary() {
}
private void menuPanel() {
b
menuBar = new JMenuBar();
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
setVisible(true);
menuBar.add(file);
menuBar.add(edit);
menuBar.add(about);
summaryMenuItem.addActionListener(new SummaryMenuListener());
aboutMenuItem.addActionListener(new AboutMenuListener());
file.add(transaction);
file.add(summaryMenuItem);
file.add(exitMenuItem);
}
private void BuildButtonPanel() {
// Create a panel for the buttons.
bp = new JPanel();
// Create the buttons.
calcButton = new JButton("Calculate");
exitButton = new JButton("Exit");
// Register the action listeners.
calcButton.addActionListener(new CalcButtonListener());
exitButton.addActionListener(new ExitButtonListener());
// Add the buttons to the button panel.
bp.add(calcButton);
bp.add(exitButton);
}
private void transactionPanel()
{
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
JRadioButton b1 = new JRadioButton("Checkings");
// b1.addActionListener(this);
add(b1);
JRadioButton b2 = new JRadioButton("Savings");
// b2.addActionListener(this);
add(b2);
ButtonGroup bg = new ButtonGroup();
bg.add(b1);
bg.add(b2);
JTextField tf = new JTextField(5);
add(tf);
}
}
class CalcButtonListener implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
}
}
class SummaryMenuListener implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
}
}
class ExitButtonListener implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
System.exit(0);
}
}
class AboutMenuListener implements ActionListener
{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
{
// Displays Message Box
}
}
我在控制台中遇到的错误如下:
java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
IWAV0052E Invocation Target Exception creating Transaction
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Unknown Source)
at org.eclipse.ve.internal.java.vce.launcher.remotevm.JFCLauncher$1.run(JFCLauncher.java:59)
at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.access$000(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$1.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.security.AccessControlContext$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at Transaction.menuPanel(Transaction.java:64)
at Transaction.<init>(Transaction.java:37)
... 19 more
好吧,这绝对不是您的实际代码,因为您在menuPanel
方法开始时有一个流氓b
。但是,您基本上需要查看堆栈跟踪:
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at Transaction.menuPanel(Transaction.java:64)
at Transaction.<init>(Transaction.java:37)
查看Transaction
中的这些行,并找出空指针的位置。
看起来像是这样一行:
summaryMenuItem.addActionListener(new SummaryMenuListener());
您尚未初始化summaryMenuItem
,因此当您尝试对其值调用方法时,会出现异常。
不过,比修复此特定错误更重要的是学习如何修复该错误:
- 查看堆栈跟踪
- 了解异常的含义 如有必要,请在
- 调试器中运行代码,当引发未捕获的异常时,调试器通常会暂停
- 如果可能,请编写单元测试,以便可以放心地修复代码
事务中第 64 行的内容为 null.java
您必须设置菜单项。这 3 个不为空。
JMenuItem transaction = new JMenuItem("Transaction");
JMenuItem summary = new JMenuItem("Summary");
JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("Exit");
这 3 个为空:
private JMenuItem summaryMenuItem;
private JMenuItem aboutMenuItem;
private JMenuItem exitMenuItem;
删除最后 3 个,并在代码中使用前 3 个。
然后,您的菜单面板方法应如下所示:
private void menuPanel() {
menuBar = new JMenuBar();
setJMenuBar(menuBar);
setVisible(true);
menuBar.add(file);
menuBar.add(edit);
menuBar.add(about);
summary.addActionListener(new SummaryMenuListener());
//aboutMenuItem.addActionListener(new AboutMenuListener());
file.add(transaction);
file.add(summary);
file.add(exit);
}
更改后,您的代码将正常工作。
当代码编译时,它只是没有语法错误(如何告诉编译器要做的事情),但这并不意味着不存在语义错误(为了实现目标要做什么)。
如果您仔细检查异常信息,您会发现在其底部:
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at Transaction.menuPanel(Transaction.java:64)
at Transaction.<init>(Transaction.java:37)
在类 Transaction 的 menuPanel 方法中使用了一个 Null 指针(可能是没有正确初始化的变量),该方法是从事务的构造函数调用的。
检查代码,似乎您实际上是在不使用初始化的变量(即具有空值):
private JMenuItem summaryMenuItem;
private JMenuItem aboutMenuItem;
private JMenuItem exitMenuItem;
在 Transaction.menuPanel():
private void menuPanel()
{
//...
summaryMenuItem.addActionListener(new SummaryMenuListener());
aboutMenuItem.addActionListener(new AboutMenuListener());
file.add(transaction);
file.add(summaryMenuItem);
file.add(exitMenuItem);
}
您在第 64 行得到一个 NullPointerException:
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at Transaction.menuPanel(Transaction.java:64)
这是那行:
summaryMenuItem.addActionListener(new SummaryMenuListener());
看起来summaryMenuItem
是null
,它似乎没有设置为任何值。
你需要一个主要的静态方法来启动一个程序。请参阅有关 Java 的文档。