我在WCF上使用EF Code First。所以当我保存一个实体时它会使用一个新的上下文。
如果我检索一个实体,然后更新它,使它引用一个不同的实体,我发现它保存了原始的外键值。
例如,我检索Company类,其中国家是UK。然后我将其更改为USA并将其传递回服务。当我查看表格时,FK仍然设置为UK。
如何更新外键?
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data;
namespace CodeFirstExistingDatabase
{
class Program
{
private const string ConnectionString = @"Server=.sql2005;Database=CodeFirst2;integrated security=SSPI;";
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Firstly, create a new country record.
Country country = new Country();
country.Code = "UK";
country.Name = "United Kingdom";
// Create aother new country record.
Country country2 = new Country();
country2.Code = "USA";
country2.Name = "US of A";
// Now create an instance of the context.
MyContext myContext = new MyContext(ConnectionString);
myContext.Entry(country).State = EntityState.Added;
myContext.Entry(country2).State = EntityState.Added;
myContext.SaveChanges();
Console.WriteLine("Saved Countries");
// Now insert a Company record
Company company = new Company();
company.CompanyName = "AccessUK";
company.HomeCountry = myContext.Countries.First(e => e.Code == "UK");
myContext.Companies.Add(company);
myContext.SaveChanges();
Console.WriteLine("Saved Company");
Company savedCompany = myContext.Companies.First(e => e.CompanyName == "AccessUK");
Country usCountry = myContext.Countries.First(e => e.Code == "USA");
savedCompany.HomeCountry = usCountry;
// Create another context for the save (as if we're passing the entity back over WCF and thus
// creating a new context in the service)
MyContext myContext2 = new MyContext(ConnectionString);
myContext2.Entry(savedCompany).State = EntityState.Modified;
myContext2.Entry(savedCompany.HomeCountry).State = EntityState.Modified;
myContext2.SaveChanges();
// When I check the company table, it has the foreign key of the UK Country. It should have
// that of USA.
Console.WriteLine("Finished");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
public class MyContext
: DbContext
{
public DbSet<Company> Companies { get; set; }
public DbSet<Country> Countries { get; set; }
public MyContext(string connectionString)
: base(connectionString)
{
}
protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
{
modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new CountryConfiguration());
modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(new CompanyConfiguration());
base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
}
}
public class CompanyConfiguration
: EntityTypeConfiguration<Company>
{
public CompanyConfiguration()
: base()
{
HasKey(p => p.Id);
Property(p => p.Id)
.HasColumnName("Id")
.HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)
.IsRequired();
Property(p => p.CompanyName)
.HasColumnName("Name")
.IsRequired();
HasRequired(x => x.HomeCountry).WithMany()
.Map(x => x.MapKey("HomeCountryId"));
ToTable("Companies");
}
}
public class CountryConfiguration
: EntityTypeConfiguration<Country>
{
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="CountryConfiguration"/> class.
/// </summary>
public CountryConfiguration()
: base()
{
HasKey(p => p.Id);
Property(p => p.Id)
.HasColumnName("Id")
.HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)
.IsRequired();
Property(p => p.Code)
.HasColumnName("Code")
.IsRequired();
Property(p => p.Name)
.HasColumnName("Name")
.IsRequired();
ToTable("Countries");
}
}
public class Company
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string CompanyName { get; set; }
public Country HomeCountry { get; set; }
}
public class Country
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Code { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}
}
许多谢谢,保罗。
这是众所周知的分离实体和独立关联的问题。问题是,将实体设置为modified并不会将关系设置为modified。关于所有相关问题的详细说明在这里。答案与EFv4和ObjectContext API有关,但EFv4.1只是一个包装器,所以意义是一样的。
这个问题的根源是,如果你使用分离实体,你必须说EF关系已经改变。EF不会为您做任何假设。DbContext API的问题甚至更糟,因为DbContext API不提供方法来改变独立关联的状态,所以你必须返回到ObjectContext API并使用ObjectStateManager.ChangeRelationshipState
。
还有其他方法如何处理它,如果你不使用远程调用作为WCF -它只是命令的顺序,你必须做这个工作,但当使用WCF你不能附加实体之前,你设置的关系等。理论上可以,但是这会彻底改变你的服务契约和消息编排。
因此,在这种情况下,通常最简单的解决方案是使用外键关联而不是独立关联。外键关联不像独立关联那样被跟踪为具有状态的单独对象,因此将实体的状态更改为modified就可以了。
public class Company
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string CompanyName { get; set; }
public int HomeCountryId { get; set; }
public Country HomeCountry { get; set; }
}
HasRequired(x => x.HomeCountry)
.WithMany()
.HasForeignKey(x => x.HomeCountryId);
任何其他解决方案都是关于首先从DB加载旧对象并将更改合并到附加对象中-这就是我一直在做的事情,一旦您开始使用多对多关系或在一对多关系中删除,您将不得不这样做。