我使用Json.net
序列化我的对象,并且我想要自定义DateTime
输出:
这里有一个小例子:
[DataContract]
class x
{
[DataMember]
[JsonConverter(typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))]
public DateTime datum = new DateTime(1232, 3, 23);
}
var dtc = new IsoDateTimeConverter();
dtc.DateTimeFormat = "yy";
JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new x(), dtc);
结果是{"datum":"1232-03-23T00:00:00"}
而不是{"datum":"1232"}
。
此操作正常(返回"32"
):
return JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new DateTime(1232, 3, 23), dtc);
捕获物在哪里?
问题是通过[JsonConverter(typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))]
应用的转换器将取代传递到序列化程序中的转换器。这在序列化属性:JsonConverterAttribute:中有记录
JsonConverterAttribute指定Json转换器用于转换对象。
属性可以放置在类或成员上。当放置在类,属性指定的JsonConverter将是序列化该类的默认方式。当属性位于字段或属性,则指定的JsonConverter将始终为用于序列化该值。
使用JsonConverter的优先级是成员属性,然后class属性,最后是传递给JsonSerializer
作为一种变通方法,在应用转换器的ReadJson()
和WriteJson()
方法中,可以在串行器的转换器列表中检查相关转换器,如果找到了,就使用它。decorator模式可以用于将此逻辑与底层转换逻辑分离。首先介绍:
public class OverridableJsonConverterDecorator : JsonConverterDecorator
{
public OverridableJsonConverterDecorator(Type jsonConverterType) : base(jsonConverterType) { }
public OverridableJsonConverterDecorator(JsonConverter converter) : base(converter) { }
public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
foreach (var converter in serializer.Converters)
{
if (converter == this)
{
Debug.WriteLine("Skipping identical " + converter.ToString());
continue;
}
if (converter.CanConvert(value.GetType()) && converter.CanWrite)
{
converter.WriteJson(writer, value, serializer);
return;
}
}
base.WriteJson(writer, value, serializer);
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
foreach (var converter in serializer.Converters)
{
if (converter == this)
{
Debug.WriteLine("Skipping identical " + converter.ToString());
continue;
}
if (converter.CanConvert(objectType) && converter.CanRead)
{
return converter.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
}
}
return base.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
}
}
public abstract class JsonConverterDecorator : JsonConverter
{
readonly JsonConverter converter;
public JsonConverterDecorator(Type jsonConverterType) : this((JsonConverter)Activator.CreateInstance(jsonConverterType)) { }
public JsonConverterDecorator(JsonConverter converter)
{
if (converter == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException();
this.converter = converter;
}
public override bool CanConvert(Type objectType)
{
return converter.CanConvert(objectType);
}
public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type objectType, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
return converter.ReadJson(reader, objectType, existingValue, serializer);
}
public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object value, JsonSerializer serializer)
{
converter.WriteJson(writer, value, serializer);
}
public override bool CanRead { get { return converter.CanRead; } }
public override bool CanWrite { get { return converter.CanWrite; } }
}
然后,在IsoDateTimeConverter
的顶部应用decorator,如下所示:
[DataContract]
class x
{
[DataMember]
[JsonConverter(typeof(OverridableJsonConverterDecorator), typeof(IsoDateTimeConverter))]
public DateTime datum = new DateTime(1232, 3, 23);
}
现在,静态应用的转换器将根据需要被取代。样品小提琴。
请注意,对于这个特定的测试用例,从Json.NET 4.5.1开始,默认情况下日期在ISO中序列化,不再需要IsoDateTimeConverter
。强制以特定格式序列化日期可以通过设置JsonSerializerSettings.DateFormatString
:来实现
[DataContract]
class x
{
[DataMember]
public DateTime datum = new DateTime(1232, 3, 23);
}
var settings = new JsonSerializerSettings { DateFormatString = "yy" };
var json1 = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new x(), settings);
Console.WriteLine(json1); // Prints {"datum":"32"}
var json2 = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(new x());
Console.WriteLine(json2); // Prints {"datum":"1232-03-23T00:00:00"}
样品小提琴。然而,总的问题应该得到回答。