在虚拟环境中使用 pip install 时出现'Permission denied'错误

Question

编辑:修复!

只需要删除。cache目录

我已经尝试了virtualenvwrapper文档的说明，我已经尝试了这个家伙的说明以及这些…我试过sudo pip uninstall virtualenv， sudo pip uninstall virtualenvwrapper, sudo pip3 uninstall virtualenv, sudo pip3 uninstall virtualenvwrapper，然后再尝试每组指令。我看过其他类似的帖子，但sudo问题和我自己的不一样。我的意思是在制作虚拟环境时不使用sudo，如果我尝试使用sudo来pip安装一个包，它只会说我已经安装了这个包(在虚拟环境之外)。

我也试过做pip install --user virtualenv(wrapper)

我是这样做的:

~ $ sudo pip3 install virtualenv
Downloading/unpacking virtualenv
  Downloading virtualenv-13.0.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.7MB): 1.7MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv
Cleaning up...
~ $ mkdir ~/.virtualenvs
~ $ sudo pip3 install virtualenvwrapper
Downloading/unpacking virtualenvwrapper
  Downloading virtualenvwrapper-4.5.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): virtualenv-clone in /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): stevedore in /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): virtualenv in /usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages (from virtualenvwrapper)
Installing collected packages: virtualenvwrapper
Successfully installed virtualenvwrapper
Cleaning up...
~ $ export WORKON_HOME=~/.virtualenvs/

然后我将这两行添加到我的。bashrc中:(我还尝试将VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON设置为/usr/bin/python)

source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh
VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON='/usr/bin/python3'

接下来我试了这个:

~ $ mkvirtualenv test
New python executable in test/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
(test)~ $ pip install numpy
Collecting numpy
  Using cached numpy-1.9.2.tar.gz
Building wheels for collected packages: numpy
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 223, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 291, in run
    wb.build(autobuilding=True)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 754, in build
    ensure_dir(output_dir)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/utils/__init__.py", line 70, in ensure_dir
    os.makedirs(path)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 150, in makedirs
    makedirs(head, mode)
  File "/home/aweeeezy/.virtualenvs/test/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/home/aweeeezy/.cache/pip/wheels/4b'

为什么virtualenv不能正常工作?

Answer 1

我认为，如果你这样做，pip install numpy --no-cache-dir它会工作。

如果你运行pip --help，你会发现:

--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.

希望能对将来的人有所帮助。

Answer 2

您需要更改pip的目录所有者

run chown -R <user>:<group> /home/aweeeezy/.cache/pip .