配置不正确:设置.DATABASES配置不正确.请提供ENGINE值

Question

我正在Heroku上设置Django项目。我一直在关注文档，但当我foreman start时，我收到了一个我不太清楚的错误。我已经设置了引擎文件，但它似乎不想工作。

完整回溯：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 399, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 392, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 242, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **options.__dict__)
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 285, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 415, in handle
    return self.handle_noargs(**options)
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/syncdb.py", line 57, in handle_noargs
    cursor = connection.cursor()
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/__init__.py", line 160, in cursor
    cursor = self.make_debug_cursor(self._cursor())
  File "/Users/nir/nirla/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/dummy/base.py", line 15, in complain
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.

有人建议使用./manage.py diffsettings并显示数据库部分：

DATABASES = {'default': {'AUTOCOMMIT': True, 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.dummy', 'ATOMIC_REQUESTS': False, 'NAME': '', 'TEST_MIRROR': None, 'CONN_MAX_AGE': 0, 'TEST_NAME': None, 'TIME_ZONE': 'UTC', 'TEST_COLLATION': None, 'PORT': '', 'HOST': '', 'USER': '', 'TEST_CHARSET': None, 'PASSWORD': '', 'OPTIONS': {}}}

我似乎不明白这是什么意思，但表面上看不太对劲。

以下是我的settings.py的一部分，我认为它可能与这个问题有关：

import os
import dj_database_url
ON_HEROKU = os.environ.get('ON_HEROKU')
HEROKU_SERVER = os.environ.get('HEROKU_SERVER')
if ON_HEROKU:
    
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
            'NAME': 'postgresql',
        }
    }
else:
    DATABASES = {
        'default': {
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
            'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
            'USER': '',
            'PASSWORD': '',
            'HOST': '',                      # Empty for localhost through domain sockets or '127.0.0.1' for localhost through TCP.
            'PORT': '',  
        }
    }

DATABASES['default'] =  dj_database_url.config()
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ('HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO', 'https')
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
# only refers to the location where your static files should end up after running manage.py collectstatic. you shouldn't really need collectstatic) when developing locally
STATIC_ROOT = 'staticfiles'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (    
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '../static'),
)

Answer 1

您正在使用dj-database-url模块来设置DATABASES['default']。无论发生什么：

DATABASES['default'] =  dj_database_url.config()

在替换整个数据库配置时没有意义。dj_database_url.config()从DATABASE_URL环境变量加载数据库配置，如果未设置该变量，则返回{}。

根据你的错误判断，你根本没有设置DATABASE_URL。根据dj_database_url.config()行前面的代码判断，您根本不应该使用dj_database_url.config()函数。

如果你确实想使用它，至少建立一个默认的URL:

if ON_HEROKU:
    DATABASE_URL = 'postgresql://<postgresql>'
else:
    DATABASE_URL = 'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3')
DATABASES = {'default': dj_database_url.config(default=DATABASE_URL)}

Answer 2

您可以对localhost 使用以下设置

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
        'NAME': 'DatabaseName',
        'USER': 'DatabaseUserName',
        'PASSWORD': 'DatabaseUserpassword',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': '5432',
    }
}

Answer 3

在使用github操作运行github工作流时遇到此问题。所以我找到了以下工作：

POSTGRES_DB = os.environ.get("POSTGRES_DB") #database name
POSTGRES_PASSWORD = os.environ.get("POSTGRES_PASSWORD") # database user password
POSTGRES_USER = os.environ.get("POSTGRES_USER") # database username
POSTGRES_HOST = os.environ.get("POSTGRES_HOST") # database host
POSTGRES_PORT = os.environ.get("POSTGRES_PORT") # database port

POSTGRES_READY = (
    POSTGRES_DB is not None
    and POSTGRES_PASSWORD is not None
    and POSTGRES_USER is not None
    and POSTGRES_HOST is not None
    and POSTGRES_PORT is not None
)
print(POSTGRES_READY)
if POSTGRES_READY:
    DATABASES = {
        "default": {
            "ENGINE": "django.db.backends.postgresql",
            "NAME": POSTGRES_DB,
            "USER": POSTGRES_USER,
            "PASSWORD": POSTGRES_PASSWORD,
            "HOST": POSTGRES_HOST,
            "PORT": POSTGRES_PORT,
        }
    }

然后您的.env文件：

export DEBUG=True
export DJANGO_SECRET_KEY=CI_CD_TEST_KEY
export POSTGRES_USER=taxi
export POSTGRES_PASSWORD=taxi
export POSTGRES_DB=pdm
export POSTGRES_PORT=5432
export POSTGRES_HOST=localhost

然后运行source .env

Answer 4

我在运行命令时使用django-tenant-users时遇到了同样的问题

python manage.py setup_dtu_tenants

这是因为我有一个名为"；设置"；在与settings.py相同级别的项目文件夹中。删除此文件夹后，问题就消失了。

Answer 5

带有"Django＝＝3.1.7"中使用下面的代码时，我得到了相同的错误；settings.py"：

# "settings.py"
from django.db import connection 
print(connection.queries) # Causes error

因此，我删除了"打印（连接查询）"如下所示，然后错误被解决：

# "settings.py"
from django.db import connection 
# print(connection.queries) # Causes error