Spring MVC 应用程序 Junit 测试用例失败

我的 JUnit 测试用例失败了。线路出错

Mockito.when（blogEntryService.find（1L））.thenReturn（entry）;

故障跟踪为

java.lang.NullPointerException at com.sample.controller.BlogEntryControllerTest.getExistingBlogEntry（BlogEntryControllerTest.java：72） at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0（Native Method） at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（Unknown Source） at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke（Unknown Source） at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke（Unknown Source） at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall（FrameworkMethod.java：50）在 org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run（ReflectiveCallable.java：12）在 org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively（FrameworkMethod.java：47）在 org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate（InvokeMethod.java：17）在 org.junit.internal.runners.statement.RunBefores.evaluate（RunBefores.java：26）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate（RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java：74）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate（RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java：83）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statement.SpringRepeat.evaluate（SpringRepeat.java：72）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild（SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java：233）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild（SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java：87） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run（ParentRunner.java：290） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule（ParentRunner.java：71） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren（ParentRunner.java：288） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000（ParentRunner.java：58） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate（ParentRunner.java：268） at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate（RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java：61）在 org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statement.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate（RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java：71） at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run（ParentRunner.java：363） at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run（SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java：176）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run（JUnit4TestReference.java：50）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run（TestExecution.java：38）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests（RemoteTestRunner.java：467）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests（RemoteTestRunner.java：683）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run（RemoteTestRunner.java：390）在 org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main（RemoteTestRunner.java：197）

在我看来，博客入口服务是空

的

我的代码是

    /**
 * TODO - Describe purpose and operation of class.
 * 
 * <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
 * <caption align="center">Edit and Version History</caption>
 * <tr><th>Version</th><th>Date</th><th>Author</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 * <tr><td>1.0</td><td>Jan 17, 2016</td><td>EOV537</td><td>Initial creation.</td></tr>
 * </table>
 */
package com.sample.controller;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultHandlers.print;
import static org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers.forwardedUrl;
import org.hamcrest.Matchers;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.web.WebAppConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.result.MockMvcResultMatchers;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import com.sample.config.ApplicationConfig;
import com.sample.model.BlogEntry;
import com.sample.service.BlogEntryService;
/**
 * @author EOV537 -
 * @since 1.0
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfig.class})
@WebAppConfiguration
public class BlogEntryControllerTest {
    private MockMvc mockMvc;
    @InjectMocks
    private BlogEntryController blogentryconttroller;
    @Mock
    private BlogEntryService blogEntryService;
    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext appCtx;
    @Before
    public void setup() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(BlogEntryControllerTest.class);
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(appCtx).build();
    }
    @Test
    public void getExistingBlogEntry() throws Exception {
        BlogEntry entry = new BlogEntry();
        entry.setId(1L);
        entry.setTitle("Test Title");
        Mockito.when(blogEntryService.find(1L)).thenReturn(entry);
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/rest/blog-entries/1"))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.title", Matchers.is("Test Title")))
                .andExpect(
                        MockMvcResultMatchers.jsonPath("$.links[*].href",
                                Matchers.hasItem(Matchers.endsWith("/blog-entries/1"))))
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
    }
    public void getNonExistingBlogEntry() throws Exception {
        Mockito.when(blogEntryService.find(1L)).thenReturn(null);
        mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/rest/blog-entries/1")).andExpect(
                MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isNotFound());
    }

}

BlogEntryController.Java

package com.sample.controller;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.sample.assembler.BlogEntryResourceAsm;
import com.sample.model.BlogEntry;
import com.sample.resource.BlogEntryResource;
import com.sample.service.BlogEntryService;
/**
 * @author EOV537 -
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/rest/blog-enteries")
public class BlogEntryController {
    public BlogEntryController() {
    }
    public BlogEntryController(BlogEntryService blogEntryService) {
        this.blogEntryService = blogEntryService;
    }
    private BlogEntryService blogEntryService;
    @RequestMapping(value = "/{blogEntryId}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ResponseEntity<BlogEntryResource> getExsitingBlogEntry(@PathVariable Long blogEntryId) {
        BlogEntry entry = blogEntryService.find(blogEntryId);
        if (entry != null) {
            BlogEntryResource res = new BlogEntryResourceAsm().toResource(entry);
            return new ResponseEntity<BlogEntryResource>(res, HttpStatus.OK);
        } else {
            return new ResponseEntity<BlogEntryResource>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
        }
    }
}

BlogEntryService.Java

package com.sample.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.sample.model.BlogEntry;
/**
 * @author EOv537 -
 * 
 * @since 1.0
 */
public interface BlogEntryService {
    public BlogEntry find(Long id);
}

博客条目资源.java

package com.sample.resource;
import org.springframework.hateoas.ResourceSupport;
/**
 * @author EOv537 -
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class BlogEntryResource extends ResourceSupport {
    private String title;
    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }
    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }
}

BlogEntryResourceAsm.java

public class BlogEntryResourceAsm extends ResourceAssemblerSupport<BlogEntry, BlogEntryResource> {
    /**
     * @param controllerClass
     * @param resourceType
     */
    public BlogEntryResourceAsm() {
        super(BlogEntryController.class, BlogEntryResource.class);
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.springframework.hateoas.ResourceAssembler#toResource(java.lang.Object)
     */
    @Override
    public BlogEntryResource toResource(BlogEntry blogEntry) {
        BlogEntryResource res = new BlogEntryResource();
        res.setTitle(blogEntry.getTitle());
        Link link = ControllerLinkBuilder.linkTo(BlogEntryController.class).slash(blogEntry.getId()).withSelfRel();
        return res;
    }
}

应用程序配置.java

/**
 * TODO - Describe purpose and operation of class.
 * 
 * <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
 * <caption align="center">Edit and Version History</caption>
 * <tr><th>Version</th><th>Date</th><th>Author</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 * <tr><td>1.0</td><td>Jan 17, 2016</td><td>EOV537</td><td>Initial creation.</td></tr>
 * </table>
 */
package com.sample.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
/**
 * @author EOV537 -
 * @since 1.0
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"com.sample"})
public class ApplicationConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_PREFIX = "/WEB-INF/jsp/";
    private static final String VIEW_RESOLVER_SUFFIX = ".jsp";
    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/static/**").addResourceLocations("/static/");
    }
    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }
    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver() {
        InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
        // viewResolver.setViewClass(InternalResourceViewResolver.class); // NOSONAR
        viewResolver.setPrefix(VIEW_RESOLVER_PREFIX);
        viewResolver.setSuffix(VIEW_RESOLVER_SUFFIX);
        return viewResolver;
    }
}

网络应用.java

/**
 * TODO - Describe purpose and operation of class.
 * 
 * <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
 * <caption align="center">Edit and Version History</caption>
 * <tr><th>Version</th><th>Date</th><th>Author</th><th>Description</th></tr>
 * <tr><td>1.0</td><td>Jan 17, 2016</td><td>EOV537</td><td>Initial creation.</td></tr>
 * </table>
 */
package com.sample.config;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
/**
 * @author EOV537 -
 * @since 1.0
 */
public class WebApplint implements WebApplicationInitializer {
    /*
     * (non-Javadoc)
     * 
     * @see org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer#onStartup(javax.servlet.ServletContext)
     */
    @Override
    public void onStartup(ServletContext servletContext) throws ServletException {
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        rootContext.register(ApplicationConfig.class);
        ServletRegistration.Dynamic registration = servletContext.addServlet("DispatcherServlet",
                new DispatcherServlet(rootContext));
        registration.addMapping("/");
        registration.setLoadOnStartup(1);
        servletContext.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
    }
}

private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
@InjectMocks
private BlogEntryController blogentryconttroller;
@Autowired
private WebApplicationContext appCtx;
@Mock
BlogEntryService blogEntryService;
@Before
public void setup() {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(BlogEntryControllerTest.this);
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(appCtx).build();
}
@Test
public void getExistingBlogEntry() throws Exception {
    BlogEntry entry = new BlogEntry();
    entry.setId(1L);
    entry.setTitle("Test Title");
    Mockito.when(blogEntryService.find(1L)).thenReturn(entry);
    mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/rest/blog-enteries/1"))
            .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.status().isOk());
}

在 BlogEntryController（）中，blogEntryService

从不使用值初始化。在@Before （setup（））方法中，初始化 blogEntryService：

blogEntryService = new BlogEntryService();

上面的罗希特的答案帮助并解决了以下原始嘲笑问题，这是我尝试过的替代方案，它有效，但它只是替代方案而不是解决方案。

我评论了以下行

//@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//@ContextConfiguration(classes = {ApplicationConfig.class})

来自 BlogEntryControllerTest.java

我将 setup（）方法从 BlogEntryControllerTest 更改为

@Before
public void setup() {
    // blogEntryService = Mockito.mock(BlogEntryService.class);
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(blogentryconttroller).build();
    //mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(appCtx).build();
}

而不是webAppContextSetup，而是更改为StandaloneSetup然后

更新了博客条目控制器并删除了默认构造函数

//public BlogEntryController（） {

//}

现在只有 1 个构造函数

public BlogEntryController（BlogEntryService blogEntryService） {
    this.blogEntryService = blogEntryService;
}

现在，当我执行测试模拟博客入口服务时，正在正确注入。

当我使用 webAppContextSetup 时，我必须保留默认构造函数博客入口控制器。由于它具有默认构造函数，因此当我运行测试时默认构造函数被执行，而blogEntryService保持为空，测试失败。

即使我能够让它工作，这不是解决方案，它只是一种替代方案。

如果有人知道如何通过webAppContextSetup解决此问题，请发布解决方案。

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