我开始使用py。现在测试一个新项目。我们正在提供Linux服务器,我需要写一个脚本来检查这些服务器的设置和配置。我以为py。Test是实现这些测试的一种好方法,到目前为止,它运行得很好。
我现在面临的问题是,在这些测试结束时,我需要一个日志文件,显示每个测试的一些日志消息和测试结果。对于日志消息,我使用logger:
logging.basicConfig(filename='config_check.log', level=logging.INFO)
pytest.main()
logging.info('all done')
作为一个示例测试,我有这个:
def test_taintedKernel():
logging.info('checking for tainted kernel')
output = runcmd('cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted')
assert output == '0', 'tainted kernel found'
那么在我的日志文件中,我想要这样的输出:
INFO:root:checking for tainted kernel
ERROR:root:tainted kernel found
INFO:root:next test
INFO:root:successful
INFO:root:all done
但是我不能将测试结果放入日志文件中,而是在测试后通过stdout得到标准输出:
======================================= test session starts =======================================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.6.8 -- py-1.4.22 -- pytest-2.6.0
collected 14 items
test_basicLinux.py .............F
============================================ FAILURES =============================================
_______________________________________ test_taintedKernel ________________________________________
def test_taintedKernel():
logging.info('checking for tainted kernel')
output = runcmd('cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted')
> assert output == '0', 'tainted kernel found'
E AssertionError: tainted kernel found
test_basicLinux.py:107: AssertionError
=============================== 1 failed, 13 passed in 6.07 seconds ===============================
对于脚本的用户来说,这可能会很困惑。我试图进入logger和pytest_capturelog,因为它在这里经常被提到,但我肯定做错了什么,因为我只是没有得到它。也许只是不了解它到底是如何运作的。希望你能给我一些提示。如果这里少了什么,请告诉我。
提前感谢你的帮助,
Stephan
pytest的任务是捕获输出并将其呈现给操作符。因此,与其试图让pytest按照您想要的方式进行日志记录,不如将日志记录构建到您的测试中。
Python的assert
命令只接受一个真值和一条消息。因此,与其在测试中使用裸assert
,不如编写一个小函数,在值为false时进行日志记录(这与触发断言失败的条件相同),然后调用断言,以便获得所需的日志记录,以及创建控制台输出的断言驱动行为。
# test_foo.py
import logging
def logAssert(test,msg):
if not test:
logging.error(msg)
assert test,msg
def test_foo():
logging.info("testing foo")
logAssert( 'foo' == 'foo', "foo is not foo")
def test_foobar():
logging.info("testing foobar")
logAssert( 'foobar' == 'foo', "foobar is not foo")
下面是测试运行程序,与您的非常相似:
# runtests.py
import logging
import pytest
logging.basicConfig(filename='config_check.log', level=logging.INFO)
logging.info('start')
pytest.main()
logging.info('done')
输出如下:
# python runtests.py
==== test session starts ========================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.6.6 -- py-1.4.22 -- pytest-2.6.0
collected 2 items
test_foo.py .F
========== FAILURES ============================
________ test_foobar __________________________
def test_foobar():
logging.info("testing foobar")
> logAssert( 'foobar' == 'foo', "foobar is not foo")
test_foo.py:14:
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
test = False, msg = 'foobar is not foo'
def logAssert(test,msg):
if not test:
logging.error(msg)
> assert test,msg
E AssertionError: foobar is not foo
test_foo.py:6: AssertionError ==== 1 failed, 1 passed in 0.02 seconds =======
下面是被写入的日志:
# cat config_check.log
INFO:root:start
INFO:root:testing foo
INFO:root:testing foobar
ERROR:root:foobar is not foo
INFO:root:done
从3.3版本开始,pytest
支持实时日志到终端和文件。示例测试模块:
import logging
import os
def test_taintedKernel():
logging.info('checking for tainted kernel')
output = os.system('cat /proc/sys/kernel/tainted')
assert output == 0, 'tainted kernel found'
可以在pytest.ini
中配置日志到文件:
[pytest]
log_file = my.log
log_file_level = DEBUG
log_file_format = %(asctime)s [%(levelname)8s] %(message)s (%(filename)s:%(lineno)s)
log_file_date_format=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
像往常一样运行测试产生:
$ pytest
======================================================= test session starts ========================================================
...
collected 1 item
test_spam.py . [100%]
===================================================== 1 passed in 0.01 seconds =====================================================
现在检查写入的日志文件:
$ cat my.log
2019-07-12 23:51:41 [ INFO] checking for tainted kernel (test_spam.py:6)
有关向终端和日志文件发送实时日志的更多示例,请查看我对在py中进行日志记录的回答。测试测试.
参考:pytest
文档中的实时日志部分