Bazel 使用 ccache 构建C++示例失败



我一直在按照OSX的说明进行操作。我已经安装了 bazel,克隆了示例并尝试使用bazel build //main:hello-world构建它。但在这里它出错了。

INFO: Analysed target //main:hello-world (0 packages loaded). INFO:
Found 1 target... ERROR:
/Users/myuser/work/temp/bazel-sample/examples/cpp-tutorial/stage1/main/BUILD:1:1:
Linking of rule '//main:hello-world' failed (Exit 1) ccache: error:
Failed to create temporary file for
/Users/myuser/.ccache/6/stats.tmp: Operation not
permitted Target //main:hello-world failed to build Use
--verbose_failures to see the command lines of failed build steps. INFO: Elapsed time: 0.295s, Critical Path: 0.07s INFO: 0 processes.
FAILED: Build did NOT complete successfully

似乎我已安装的缓存存在问题。使用--verbose_failures运行相同的命令后

INFO: Analysed target //main:hello-world (0 packages loaded). INFO:
Found 1 target... ERROR:
/Users/myuser/work/temp/bazel-sample/examples/cpp-tutorial/stage1/main/BUILD:1:1:
Linking of rule '//main:hello-world' failed (Exit 1): cc_wrapper.sh
failed: error executing command    (cd
/private/var/tmp/_bazel_myuser/550c05da61518b4bbbb0ffdfd033154f/execroot/__main__
&&    exec env - 
APPLE_SDK_PLATFORM='' 
APPLE_SDK_VERSION_OVERRIDE='' 
PATH=/Users/myuser/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools:/Users/myuser/Library/Android/sdk/tools:/Users/myuser/Library/Android/sdk/build-tools/25.0.0:/Users/myuser/Library/Android/ndk/android-ndk-r10c:/Applications/CMake.app/Contents/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/Library/TeX/texbin:/Users/myuser/bin

XCODE_VERSION_OVERRIDE=9.3.0    external/local_config_cc/cc_wrapper.sh -fobjc-link-runtime -Wl,-S -o
bazel-out/darwin-fastbuild/bin/main/hello-world
bazel-out/darwin-fastbuild/bin/main/_objs/hello-world/main/hello-world.o
-headerpad_max_install_names -lc++ -no-canonical-prefixes)
Use --sandbox_debug to see verbose messages from the sandbox ccache:
error: Failed to create temporary file for
/Users/myuser/.ccache/0/stats.tmp: Operation not permitted Target
//main:hello-world failed to build INFO: Elapsed time: 0.294s,
Critical Path: 0.07s INFO: 0 processes. FAILED: Build did NOT complete
successfully

我发现沙盒有问题。添加--sandbox_debug打印:

INFO: Analysed target //main:hello-world (0 packages loaded).
INFO: Found 1 target...
ERROR: /Users/myuser/work/temp/bazel-sample/examples/cpp-tutorial/stage1/main/BUILD:1:1: Linking of rule '//main:hello-world' failed (Exit 1): sandbox-exec failed: error executing command 
(cd /private/var/tmp/_bazel_myuser/550c05da61518b4bbbb0ffdfd033154f/execroot/__main__ && 
exec env - 
APPLE_SDK_PLATFORM='' 
APPLE_SDK_VERSION_OVERRIDE='' 
DEVELOPER_DIR=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer 
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/Users/myuser/bin 
SDKROOT=/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.13.sdk 
TMPDIR=/var/folders/x3/r5tf7wfx3_q0xnyx95s3r5400000gq/T/ 
XCODE_VERSION_OVERRIDE=9.3.0 
/usr/bin/sandbox-exec -f /private/var/tmp/_bazel_myuser/550c05da61518b4bbbb0ffdfd033154f/sandbox/darwin-sandbox/1/sandbox.sb /private/var/tmp/_bazel_myuser/550c05da61518b4bbbb0ffdfd033154f/execroot/__main__/_bin/process-wrapper '--timeout=0' '--kill_delay=15' external/local_config_cc/cc_wrapper.sh -fobjc-link-runtime -Wl,-S -o bazel-out/darwin-fastbuild/bin/main/hello-world bazel-out/darwin-fastbuild/bin/main/_objs/hello-world/main/hello-world.o -headerpad_max_install_names -lc++ -no-canonical-prefixes)
ccache: error: Failed to create temporary file for /Users/myuser/.ccache/b/stats.tmp: Operation not permitted
Target //main:hello-world failed to build
INFO: Elapsed time: 0.268s, Critical Path: 0.06s
INFO: 0 processes.
FAILED: Build did NOT complete successfully

沙盒文件sandbox.sb的内容为:

(version 1)
(debug deny)
(allow default)
(deny file-write*)
(allow file-write*
(subpath "/dev")
(subpath "/Users/myuser/Library/Logs")
(subpath "/Users/myuser/Library/Developer")
(subpath "/private/var/folders/x3/r5tf7wfx3_q0xnyx95s3r5400000gq/T")
(subpath "/private/var/tmp/_bazel_myuser/550c05da61518b4bbbb0ffdfd033154f/sandbox/darwin-sandbox/1/execroot/__main__")
(subpath "/private/var/tmp")
(subpath "/private/var/folders/x3/r5tf7wfx3_q0xnyx95s3r5400000gq/C")
(subpath "/private/tmp")
)

它显然缺少写入/Users/myuser/.ccache目录的权限。我尝试过用export CCACHE_DISABLE=1禁用ccache,但没有任何变化。如何在不删除缓存的情况下修复它?

设置编译器的绝对路径并将其传递给环境变量CC选项吗?如果您安装了 Xcode,则可能需要使用BAZEL_USE_CPP_ONLY_TOOLCHAIN=1

export CC=/usr/bin/clang
export CXX=/usr/bin/clang++
<your bazel command>

可以用 GCC 代替 Clang

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