我创建了以下类来接收Firebase消息并创建通知。我已经通过向应用程序发送 firebase 消息对其进行了测试，它运行良好。但是，我需要编写单元测试来测试此功能。但是我为它编写的 2 个单元测试失败了。 onMessageReceived()接收RemoteMessage对象中的数据。然后，它找到键type的值，并根据它是 0 还是 1，调用 buildNotificationBigText() 或 buildNotificationBigPicture() 。因此，我编写了 2 种测试方法。在我的测试方法中，我创建了一个RemoteMessage对象并将其传递给onMessageReceived()。但是，这些测试无法正常工作，并且出现以下错误：
java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void in.ac.bits_pilani.goa.ard.services.HandleFirebaseMessages.onMessageReceived(com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage)' on a null object reference
at in.ac.bits_pilani.goa.ard.activities.MainActivityTest.handleFirebaseMessageBigPicture(MainActivityTest.java:90)
java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void in.ac.bits_pilani.goa.ard.services.HandleFirebaseMessages.onMessageReceived(com.google.firebase.messaging.RemoteMessage)' on a null object reference
at in.ac.bits_pilani.goa.ard.activities.MainActivityTest.handleFirebaseMessagesBigText(MainActivityTest.java:80)
处理火基消息.java
public class HandleFirebaseMessages extends FirebaseMessagingService {
/**
* default id for notification in case specific id is not given in data.
*/
final int default_id = 42;
NotificationCompat.Builder builder ;
/**
* contains bigTitle value of data in onMessageReceived().
*/
String bigTitle;
/**
* is assigned the bigSummaryText value of data in onMessageReceived().
*/
String bigSummaryText;
public HandleFirebaseMessages() {
}
/**
* returns the bitmap image from the url given.
* @param src image url
* @return bitmap image at url
*/
public static Bitmap getBitmapFromURL(final String src) {
try {
final URL url = new URL(src);
final HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.connect();
final InputStream input = connection.getInputStream();
return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(input);
} catch (final IOException e) {
// Log exception
Log.e("TAG", "fucked man " + e.getMessage());
return null;
}
}
/**
* creates the notification when type is 1 or big text.
* @param data data to be put in notification
*/
public void buildNotificationBigText(final Map<String, String> data) {
Log.e("Tag4", "entered buildNotificationBigText");
//final String bigTitle = data.get("bigTitle");
final String bigSubTitle = data.get("bigSubTitle");
//final String bigSummaryText = data.get("bigSummaryText");
final NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle notificationBigText = new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle();
if (bigTitle != null) {
notificationBigText.setBigContentTitle(bigTitle);
}
if (bigSubTitle != null) {
notificationBigText.bigText(bigSubTitle);
}
if (bigSummaryText != null) {
notificationBigText.setSummaryText(bigSummaryText);
}
builder.setStyle(notificationBigText);
}
/**
* creates the notification when type is 2 or big picture.
* @param data data to be put in notification
*/
public void buildNotificationBigPicture(final Map<String, String> data) {
Log.e("Tag3", "entered buildNotificationBigPicture");
final String imageUrl = data.get("imageUrl");
//final String bigSummaryText = data.get("bigSummaryText");
//final String bigTitle = data.get("bigTitle");
final NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle notificationBigPicture = new NotificationCompat.BigPictureStyle();
if (imageUrl != null) {
final Bitmap image = getBitmapFromURL(imageUrl);
if (image != null) {
notificationBigPicture.bigPicture(image);
} else {
//TODO Image is null bt url wasn;t!
}
}
if (bigSummaryText != null) {
notificationBigPicture.setSummaryText(bigSummaryText);
}
if (bigTitle != null) {
notificationBigPicture.setBigContentTitle(bigTitle);
}
//TODO icon
builder.setStyle(notificationBigPicture);
}
@Override
public void onMessageReceived(final RemoteMessage remoteMessage) {
super.onMessageReceived(remoteMessage);
Log.e("Tag1", "onMessageReceived() started");
final Map<String, String> data = remoteMessage.getData();
if (data == null) {
return;
}
bigTitle = data.get("bigTitle");
bigSummaryText = data.get("bigSummaryText");
final String type = data.get("type");
final String id = data.get("id");
final String smallTitle = data.get("smallTitle");
final String smallSubTitle = data.get("smallSubTitle");
//final String contentInfo = data.get("contentInfo");
//final String ticker = data.get("ticker");
final String link = data.get("link");
final String className = data.get("className");
Log.e("Tag2", "type = " + type);
builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this);
if (type != null) {
if (type.compareTo("1") == 0) {
//Large Text Style corresponds to "1"
buildNotificationBigText(data);
} else if (type.compareTo("2") == 0) {
//BigPicture style specific
buildNotificationBigPicture(data);
}
}
//General things to be added for any kind of notification
if (smallTitle != null) {
builder.setContentTitle(smallTitle);
}
if (smallSubTitle != null) {
builder.setContentText(smallSubTitle);
}
int notificationId = default_id;
if (id != null) {
notificationId = Integer.parseInt(id);
}
builder.setContentIntent(addWebsiteLinkPendingIntent(notificationId, link, className));
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
builder.setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_SOCIAL);
}
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_stat);
builder.setColor(ContextCompat.getColor(this, R.color.colorPrimary));
builder.setAutoCancel(true);
final NotificationManagerCompat mNotificationManager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(this);
mNotificationManager.notify(notificationId, builder.build());
}
/**
* returns the intent for the webpage or activity to open from the notification.
* @param id notification id
* @param link webpage link
* @param className class for the activity to open
* @return PendingIntent for the webpage ot activity
*/
private PendingIntent addWebsiteLinkPendingIntent(final int id, final String link, final String className) {
Intent intent;
if (link != null) {
//TODO Change to ChromeCustomTabs later
intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, Uri.parse(link));
} else if (className != null) {
try {
intent = new Intent(this, Class.forName("com.csatimes.dojma." + className));
//TODO check for page number
} catch (final ClassNotFoundException e) {
intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
}
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION);
} else {
intent = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class);
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION);
}
return PendingIntent.getActivity(
this,
id,
intent,
PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT);
}
}
主要活动测试.java ：
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
public class MainActivityTest {
private Context context;
@Mock
private HandleFirebaseMessages handleFirebaseMessages;
@Rule
public ActivityTestRule<MainActivity> activityTestRule =
new ActivityTestRule<>(MainActivity.class);
@Before
public void init() {
context = InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext();
//MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
//handleFirebaseMessages = new HandleFirebaseMessages();
}
@Test
public void handleFirebaseMessagesBigText() {
HandleFirebaseMessages handleFirebaseMessages=new HandleFirebaseMessages();
RemoteMessage remoteMessage = new RemoteMessage.Builder("token").addData("type","1").build();
handleFirebaseMessages.onMessageReceived(remoteMessage);
Map<String,String> data = new HashMap<>() ;
data.put("type","1");
Mockito.verify(handleFirebaseMessages).buildNotificationBigText(data);
}
@Test
public void handleFirebaseMessagesBigPicture() {
HandleFirebaseMessages handleFirebaseMessages=new HandleFirebaseMessages();
RemoteMessage remoteMessage = new RemoteMessage.Builder("token").addData("type","2").build();
handleFirebaseMessages.onMessageReceived(remoteMessage);
Map<String,String> data = new HashMap<>() ;
data.put("type","2");
Mockito.verify(handleFirebaseMessages).buildNotificationBigPicture(data);
}
}
在测试时，建议限制您正在测试的依赖项。您可以重构代码，使其不依赖于FirebaseMessagingService。
例如，与其将逻辑放在onMessageReceived((中，不如将其提取到其他类中的单独方法(以及HandleFirebaseMessages中的其他方法(，这些类不依赖于FirebaseMessagingService。它甚至可以结构化，使其依赖于纯 java 代码，因此不需要检测来运行测试。
这样，您只会测试代码，而不测试其他依赖项，这将使测试更容易。