在python中查找两个文件之间的差异

Question

我正在编写一段代码，用于比较python中的两个文本文件并打印两者之间的差异。有人告诉我要用套子。是否也可以使用对话框来选择文件，而不是手动输入文件名？我是python的初学者，所以如果你能写出代码，我会非常感激。

文件1.text

hamburgers
potatoes
avocado
grapes
seaweed

File2.txt

cheeseburgers
potatoes
peanuts
grapes
seaweed

所以我想打印代码芝士汉堡、花生

这就是我所拥有的，但不确定它是否正确：

old_path = 'File1.txt'
new_path = 'File2.txt'
old_lines = file(old_path).read().split('n')
new_lines = file(new_path).read().split('n')
old_lines_set = set(old_lines)
new_lines_set = set(new_lines)
old_added = old_lines_set - new_lines_set
old_removed = new_line_set - old_lines_set
for line in old_lines:
    if line in old_added:
        print '-' , line.strip()
    elif line in old_removed:
        print '+' , line.strip()
for line in new_lines:
    if line in old added:
        print '-' , line.strip()
    elif line in old_removed:
        print '+' , line.strip ()

Answer 1

doc = open(filename, 'r')
doc1 = open(filename, 'r')
f1 = [x for x in doc.readlines()]
f2 = [x for x in doc1.readlines()]
diff = [line for line in f1 if line not in f2] # lines present only in f1
diff1 = [line for line in f2 if line not in f1] # lines present only in f2
doc.close()
doc1.close()

Answer 2

一个更简单的解决方案，使用内置的集合功能：

a = set(['hamburgers', 'potatoes', 'avocado', 'grapes', 'seaweed'])
b = set(['cheeseburgers', 'potatoes', 'peanuts', 'grapes', 'seaweed'])
a.difference(b)
b.difference(a)

函数set.difference（）再次为您提供集合对象，您可以根据需要对其进行处理。[我希望我不是在为你解决家庭作业问题…]

Answer 3

以下解决方案符合我的确切要求。

f1=open((os.getcwd()) + "\Test1.txt","r") 
f2=open((os.getcwd()) + "\Test2.txt","r")
for i, j in zip(f1, f2):
    if i != j: 
        print(i.rstrip() + "t" + j.rstrip())
f1.close() 
f2.close()

输出：

R[10]=0x8     R[10]=0x13
R[54]=0x6     R[54]=0x4
R[59]=0x18    R[59]=0x58
R[60]=0x3d    R[60]=0x4c
R[126]=0x59   R[126]=0xbd