Asp.Net Core No Service for Type Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identi

Question

我在Startup.cs类中访问RoleManager和UserManager时遇到问题。这是我用来注册Identity的代码：

services.AddIdentity<User, IdentityRole>(cfg =>
{
    cfg.User.RequireUniqueEmail = true;
    cfg.SignIn.RequireConfirmedEmail = true;
})
.AddRoles<IdentityRole>()
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<CarinioContext>()
.AddDefaultTokenProviders()
.AddErrorDescriber<CustomIdentityErrorDescriber>();

User 是我的自定义类，它继承自IdentityUser并通过一些其他属性对其进行扩展。

我在 startup.cs 类中有一个函数来创建角色和用户。我知道这对播种不是很好，我将来会改变它，但我需要先让它以这种方式工作。这是我的代码：

private async Task CreateRoles()
{
    //adding custom roles
    var UserManager = _serviceProvicer.GetRequiredService<UserManager<IdentityUser>>();
    var RoleManager = _serviceProvicer.GetRequiredService<RoleManager<IdentityRole>>();
    string[] roleNames = { "Admin", "Client", "Driver" };
    IdentityResult roleResult;
    foreach (var roleName in roleNames)
    {
        //creating the roles and seeding them to the database
        var roleExist = await RoleManager.RoleExistsAsync(roleName);
        if (!roleExist)
        {
            roleResult = await RoleManager.CreateAsync(new IdentityRole(roleName));
        }
    }
    //creating a super user who could maintain the web app
    var poweruser = new User
    {
        UserName = _configuration.GetSection("UserSettings")["UserName"],
        Email = _configuration.GetSection("UserSettings")["UserEmail"],
        PhoneNumber = _configuration.GetSection("UserSettings")["PhoneNumer"],
    };
    string UserPassword = _configuration.GetSection("UserSettings")["UserPassword"];
    var _user = await UserManager.FindByEmailAsync(_configuration.GetSection("UserSettings")["UserEmail"]);
    if (_user == null)
    {
        var createPowerUser = await UserManager.CreateAsync(poweruser, UserPassword);
        if (createPowerUser.Succeeded)
        {
            //here we tie the new user to the "Admin" role
            await UserManager.AddToRoleAsync(poweruser, "Admin");
        }
    }
}

程序总是崩溃说：

"One or more errors occurred. (No service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager`1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]' has been registered.)"

UserManager也是如此：

"One or more errors occurred. (No service for type 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager`1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUser]' has been registered.)"

我的猜测是我没有以正确的方式访问UserManager和RoleManager。有谁知道解决方案？

Answer 1

dotnet core具有出色的功能，可以在第一次播种角色或用户在 efcore 的实体配置部分中，您可以使用 blow 类来创建默认角色：

public class RoleConfiguration : IEntityTypeConfiguration<Role>
{
    public void Configure(EntityTypeBuilder<Role> builder)
    {
       builder.HasData(new Role() {Id=1, Name = "Manager", NormalizedName = "MANAGER",Title="manager" }, new Role() {Id=2, Name = "Student", NormalizedName = "STUDENT",Title="student" });
    }
}

Answer 2

尝试修改您的代码：

var UserManager = _serviceProvicer.GetRequiredService<UserManager<IdentityUser>>();

自：

var UserManager = _serviceProvicer.GetRequiredService<UserManager<User>>();

如果创建继承自 IdentityUser 的自定义类，则需要在 ConfigureServices 中注册新User：

services.AddIdentity<User, IdentityRole>

在CarinioContext中，例如：

public class CarinioContext: IdentityDbContext<User, IdentityRole, string>

在_LoginPartial.cshtml：

@inject SignInManager<User> SignInManager
@inject UserManager<User> UserManager