Android-碎片是活动的按钮后面

Question

，所以我有一个活动，其中有2个空列表视图和3个按钮。"hinzufügen"按钮(在屏幕快照中看到(应将片段加载到framelayout(用作容器(中，以放置活动中的所有组件(ListView和按钮(。但是我不知道为什么它在所有这些后面都放置(无法单击片段的按钮，因为它在空名单后面(。

屏幕截图没有碎片开始：https://abload.de/img/dqwdwqemuhi.jpeg

带有片段的屏幕截图开始：https://abload.de/img/fewqfewp7u0b.jpeg

如果我有

的容器

View view = findViewById(R.id.container);

然后使用

view.bringtToFront();

活动中的按钮仍显示出来，但ListView在后台(可以单击片段中的按钮(。

如何从背景中的活动中获取按钮，以使片段放在整个活动及其组件上？

活动XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="superhelden.com.superheldenuebersichtsapp.Activities.DeckOverview">
<FrameLayout
    android:id="@+id/addCardsContainer"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="20dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="20dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent">
</FrameLayout>
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline3"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.65"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="332dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="0dp" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline4"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.4"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="0dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="154dp" />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/addCards"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:text="@string/addCards"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline4"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline3"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent" />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/removeCards"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:text="@string/removeCards"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline5"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline4"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/addCards"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp" />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/endGame"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:text="@string/endGame"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline4"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline5"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline5"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.88"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="450dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="0dp" />
<ListView
    android:id="@+id/amountOfTypesList"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline4"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline3"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp" />
<ListView
    android:id="@+id/deckList"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:divider="#000"
    android:dividerHeight="0.5dp"
    android:scrollbars="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline3"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.0" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

活动java：

public class DeckOverview extends AppCompatActivity {
FragmentManager fragmentManager;
FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction;
Button addCardsButton;
Button removeCardsButton;
Button endGameButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_deck_overview);
    addCardsButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.addCards);
    addCardsButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
            fragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.addCardsContainer, new addCards());
            fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack("addCards");
            fragmentTransaction.commit();
        }
    });
    removeCardsButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.removeCards);
    removeCardsButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            //TODO: Karten aus Tabelle in der DB entfernen
        }
    });
    endGameButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.endGame);
    endGameButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), EndScreen.class);
            startActivity(intent);
            finish();
        }
    });
}
}

fragment xml：

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/colorAccent"
tools:context="superhelden.com.superheldenuebersichtsapp.Fragments.addCards">
<ListView
    android:id="@+id/allCardsList"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline7"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline6"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline10"
    style="@style/Margin_And_Divider_Style"/>
<ListView
    android:id="@+id/selectedCardsList"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline7"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="@+id/guideline6"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline10"
    style="@style/Margin_And_Divider_Style"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/doneButtonAddCards"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:text="@string/done"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/guideline7"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.571" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline6"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.5"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="0dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="180dp" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline7"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.86"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="439dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="0dp" />
<android.support.constraint.Guideline
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/guideline10"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    app:layout_constraintGuide_percent="0.1"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="51dp"
    tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="0dp" />
<SearchView
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:id="@+id/searchView"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/guideline10"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

碎片java：

List<Card> allCardsList;
ListView allCardsListView;
View addCards;
public addCards() {
    // Required empty public constructor
}

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    // Inflate the layout for this fragment
    allCardsList = DbClass.getInstance(getActivity()).getAllCards();
    allCardsListView = (ListView) getActivity().findViewById(R.id.allCardsList);
    Toast.makeText(getActivity(), allCardsList.get(0).getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    addCards = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_add_cards, container, false);
    return addCards;
}

Answer 1

将addCardsContainer移动到Activity XML的底部(ConstraintLayout的最后一个孩子(。绘图始终按夸大的布局文件定位顺序。bringToFront不适合这种情况

    ...
    <FrameLayout
        android:id="@+id/addCardsContainer"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_margin="20dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"/>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

由于边缘，您可能仍然在下面的图层中看到按钮的片段。您可以用padding替换layout_margin，并为Cover设置一些背景

        android:padding="20dp"
        android:background="#000000"