为匹配中的多个expect语句自定义断言消息

Question

我在Rspec中编写了一个自定义匹配方法，用于匹配针对散列的对象。我要做的是为expect的每一行设置自定义故障消息。

describe "/cars" do
  car = FactoryGirl.create(:car, name: 'Alpha')
  describe car do
    it "displays single items" do
      get cars_path
      parsed_response = JSON.parse(response.body)
      record_hash = parsed_response['cars'][0]
      is_expected.to be_a_car_match_of(record_hash)
    end
  end
end
RSpec::Matchers.define :be_a_car_match_of do |hash|
  match do |car|
    expect(car.id).to    eq(hash['id'])
    expect(car.name).to  eq(hash['name'])
  end
  failure_message do |car|
    "expected that #{car} would be a match of #{hash}"
  end
end

所以我想要的是像下面这样的东西:

RSpec::Matchers.define :be_a_car_match_of do |hash|
  match do |car|
    expect(car.id).to    eq(hash['id'])    'ids did not match'
    expect(car.name).to  eq(hash['name'])  'names did not match'
  end
end

这将打印出一个更清晰的错误信息。

我最初在mini-test中这样做，但由于各种原因(超出我的控制范围)需要将其更改为rspec。我在mini-test中的代码是:

def assert_car(car, hash)
    assert_equal car.id,    hash['id'],   "ids did not match"
    assert_equal car.name,  hash['name'], "names did not match"
end

这就是我想要复制的。

下面是另一个需要更少设置的示例:

require 'rspec/expectations'
RSpec::Matchers.define :be_testing do |expected|
  match do |actual|
    expect(5).to eq(5)
    expect(4).to eq(5)
  end
  failure_message do
    "FAIL"
  end
end
describe 'something' do
  it 'something else' do
    expect("expected").to be_testing('actual')
  end
end

当这个例子运行时，输出"FAIL"。另一方面，如果我有:

describe 'something' do
  it 'something else' do
    expect(4).to eq(5)
  end
end

我将得到以下错误信息:

expected: 5
     got: 4

这就是我想要的。我想知道自定义匹配器的哪个部分失败了。

Answer 1

您可以调用低级matches?方法而不是expect。像这样:

require 'rspec/expectations'
RSpec::Matchers.define :be_a_positive_integer do
  m1, m2 = nil, nil           # matchers
  r1, r2 = false, false       # results
  match do |actual|
    m1 = be_a Integer         # this returns matcher instances
    m2 = be > 0
    r1 = m1.matches?(actual)  # evaluate matchers
    r2 = m2.matches?(actual)
    r1 && r2                  # true if both are true
  end
  failure_message do |actual| # collect error messages from matchers
    messages = []
    messages << m1.failure_message unless r1
    messages << m2.failure_message unless r2
    messages.join("n")
  end
end
describe -1 do
  it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
end
describe 1.0 do
  it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
end
describe -1.0 do
  it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
end

输出:

Failures:
  1) -1 should be a positive integer
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
       expected: > 0
            got:   -1
     # ./ruby_spec.rb:24:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
  2) 1.0 should be a positive integer
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
       expected 1.0 to be a kind of Integer
     # ./ruby_spec.rb:28:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
  3) -1.0 should be a positive integer
     Failure/Error: it { is_expected.to be_a_positive_integer }
       expected -1.0 to be a kind of Integer
       expected: > 0
            got:   -1.0
     # ./ruby_spec.rb:32:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)

Answer 2

我认为aggregate_failures是你正在寻找的:

它用一个块封装了一组期望。在块内，期望失败不会像正常情况那样立即中止;相反，失败将被聚合成一个在块末尾引发的单个异常，从而允许您查看所有失败的期望。

参见:https://relishapp.com/rspec/rspec-expectations/docs/aggregating-failures