在 python3 中使用 PyGObject 中的线程和 GTK3

Question

所以我正在尝试使用线程在基于 Python3 的应用程序中实现阻塞操作。

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import gi, os, threading, Skype4Py
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk, GLib, GObject
skype = Skype4Py.Skype()
def ConnectSkype():
    skype.Attach()
class Contacts_Listbox_Row(Gtk.ListBoxRow):
    def __init__(self, name):
        # super is not a good idea, needs replacement.
        super(Gtk.ListBoxRow, self).__init__()
        self.names = name
        self.add(Gtk.Label(label=name))
class MainInterfaceWindow(Gtk.Window):
    """The Main User UI"""
    def __init__(self):
        Gtk.Window.__init__(self, title="Python-GTK-Frontend")
        # Set up Grid object
        main_grid = Gtk.Grid()
        self.add(main_grid)
        # Create a listbox which will contain selectable contacts
        contacts_listbox = Gtk.ListBox()
        for handle, name in self.GetContactTuples():
            GLib.idle_add(contacts_listbox.add, Contacts_Listbox_Row(name))
        GLib.idle_add(main_grid.add, contacts_listbox)

        # Test label for debug
        label = Gtk.Label()
        label.set_text("Test")
        GLib.idle_add(main_grid.attach_next_to, label, contacts_listbox, Gtk.PositionType.TOP, 2, 1)
    def GetContactTuples(self):
        """
        Returns a list of tuples in the form: (username, display name).
        Return -1 if failure.
        """
        print([(user.Handle, user.FullName) for user in skype.Friends]) # debug
        return [(user.Handle, user.FullName) for user in skype.Friends]
if __name__ == '__main__':
        threads = []
        thread = threading.Thread(target=ConnectSkype) # potentially blocking operation
        thread.start()
        threads.append(thread)
        main_window = MainInterfaceWindow()
        main_window.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
        main_window.show_all()
        print('Calling Gtk.main')
        Gtk.main()

基本思想是这个简单的程序应该从Skype API获取联系人列表，并构建元组列表。GetContactTuples函数的设计成功，我发出的打印调用验证了这一点。但是，程序无限期挂起，并且从不呈现接口。有时，它会产生涉及线程和/或资源可用性的随机错误。一旦这样的错误

(example.py:31248): Gdk-WARNING **: example.py: Fatal IO error 11 (Resource temporarily unavailable) on X server :1.

我知道这与线程的使用有关，但根据这里的文档，似乎只需在接口更新之前添加GLib.idle_add调用就足够了。所以问题是，为什么这不起作用，我该如何纠正上面的示例？

更新：如果GLib.idle_add附加到与 GTK 交互的每一行前面，我会得到不同的错误。 [xcb] Unknown request in queue while dequeuing [xcb] Most likely this is a multi-threaded client and XInitThreads has not been called [xcb] Aborting, sorry about that. python: xcb_io.c:179: dequeue_pending_request: Assertion '!xcb_xlib_unknown_req_in_deq' failed. Aborted (core dumped)

Answer 1

根据您的库版本（这在 Gobject 3.10.2 中不再是必需的），您可能需要实际需要使用GObject.threads_init()显式初始化线程，如下所示：

if __name__ == '__main__':
    threads = []
    thread = threading.Thread(target=ConnectSkype) # potentially blocking operation
    thread.start()
    threads.append(thread)
    main_window = MainInterfaceWindow()
    main_window.connect("delete-event", Gtk.main_quit)
    GObject.threads_init()
    main_window.show_all()
    print('Calling Gtk.main')
    Gtk.main()