在 Mockito 中模拟"marshalSendandReceive"方法调用时遇到问题

Question

我正在尝试在Mockito中创建一些单元测试，并模拟返回JAXBElement的WebServiceTemplate调用。我不断遇到NullPointerException，以及内部Mockito错误。如何在 Mockito 中成功模拟方法调用？

我研究了StackOverflow中的其他一些问题，虽然有些问题很相似，但它们都没有提供成功的模拟和测试。我的测试仍然失败。

这是我在 SearchInvoker.class 中的实际代码中的方法调用。

JAXBElement<SearchResponse> response = null;
JAXBElement<SearchRequest> req = soapClient.genConn(searchReq);
try {
    response = (JAXBElement<SearchResponse>) getWebServiceTemplate().marshalSendAndReceive(req, new SoapActionCallback("search"));
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
    throw new Exception(e);
}

这是我试图模拟电话的方式。

public class SearchInvokerTest extends PackageTest{
    @InjectMocks private SearchInvoker invoker;
    @Mock private SearchSoapClient soapClient;
    @Mock private WebServiceOperations template;
    @Test
    public void searchInvokerTest() throws Exception {
        ObjectFactory factory = new ObjectFactory();
        doReturn(factory.createSearchResponse(generateAwsSearchRsp())).when(template.marshalSendAndReceive(any(JAXBElement.class), any(WebServiceMessageCallback.class)));
        SearchResponse rsp = invoker.doSearch(new SearchRequestDVO());
        assertNotNull(rsp);
        assertEquals("123", rsp.getTraceID());
    }
}

在我有"when"和"doReturn"语句的地方，我有一个NullPointer 以及来自Mockito的内部错误。我希望模拟类能够返回。

这是我运行 mvn 测试时错误的堆栈跟踪：

[ERROR] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 2, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.018 s <<< FAILURE! - in SearchInvokerTest
[ERROR] searchInvokerTest(SearchInvokerTest)  Time elapsed: 0.002 s  <<< ERROR!
java.lang.NullPointerException
        at SearchInvokerTest.searchInvokerTest(SearchInvokerTest.java:33)
[ERROR] searchInvokerTest(SearchInvokerTest)  Time elapsed: 0.017 s  <<< ERROR!
org.mockito.exceptions.misusing.InvalidUseOfMatchersException:
Misplaced or misused argument matcher detected here:
-> at SearchInvokerTest.searchInvokerTest(SymcorSearchInvokerTest.java:33)
-> at SearchInvokerTest.searchInvokerTest(SymcorSearchInvokerTest.java:33)
You cannot use argument matchers outside of verification or stubbing.
Examples of correct usage of argument matchers:
    when(mock.get(anyInt())).thenReturn(null);
    doThrow(new RuntimeException()).when(mock).someVoidMethod(anyObject());
    verify(mock).someMethod(contains("foo"))
This message may appear after an NullPointerException if the last matcher is returning an object
like any() but the stubbed method signature expect a primitive argument, in this case,
use primitive alternatives.
    when(mock.get(any())); // bad use, will raise NPE
    when(mock.get(anyInt())); // correct usage use
Also, this error might show up because you use argument matchers with methods that cannot be mocked.
Following methods *cannot* be stubbed/verified: final/private/equals()/hashCode().
Mocking methods declared on non-public parent classes is not supported.

Answer 1

错误消息指示您的模拟未初始化。

你必须告诉 JUnit 与 Mockito 运行器一起运行：

[...]
@RunWith(MockitoJRunner.class)
public class SearchInvokerTest extends PackageTest {
    [...]
}

除其他外，这将初始化您的模拟。