我如何获得php中第一次出现array_walk_recursive的值



我有一个深层的多维数组,我需要提取特定键的值。我发现array_walk_recursive功能将是我最好的选择。我只需要第一次出现。

我的阵列看起来像这样 - (除了更复杂(

Array (
    [vehicle info] => Array (
        [one] => Array (
            [submodel] => LX
            [engine] => 2.3
        )
        [two] => Array (
            [color] => blue
            [year] => 2007
            [wheels] => 4
        )
        [three] => Array (
            [submodel] => LX
            [make] => Ford
            [model] => F-150
            [offroad] => No
        )
    )
)

这里的问题是, submodel均在一个和三个。此外,数组不一致,因此我必须使用array_walk_recursive搜索匹配键,然后返回该键的值。

这是我当前的代码 -

array_walk_recursive ($array, (function ($item, $key) {
    $wanted = "submodel";
    if ($key === $wanted) {
        echo ("$key is $item");
    }
}));

以上返回submodel is LXsubmodel is LX

奖金问题!如何搜索多个键并返回每个键的第一个相应值?我当时在想将所有想要的钥匙放在一个数组中,然后做一个foreach循环,但不太知道如何构建它。我是新人。

array_walk_recursive()是呼吁此任务的适当本机函数。跟踪结果数组中已经声明了哪些键,并确保它们永远不会被覆盖。

代码:(演示(

$needles = ['submodel', 'offroad'];
$result = [];
array_walk_recursive(
    $array,
    function($value, $key) use ($needles, &$result) {
        if (
            in_array($key, $needles)
            && !key_exists($key, $result)
        ) {
            $result[$key] = "$key is $value";
        }
    }
);
var_export($result);

输出:

array (
  'submodel' => 'submodel is LX',
  'offroad' => 'offroad is No',
)

为了提高性能,只需要进行第一个资格赛,请将return;作为if块内部的最后一行。


另外,您可以设计自己的递归功能,当找到所有寻求的钥匙时,该功能将返回。

代码:(演示(

$soughtKeys = array_flip(['submodel', 'offroad']);
function earlyReturningRecursion(array $array, array $soughtKeys, array &$result = []): array
{
    foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
        if (!array_diff_key($soughtKeys, $result)) {  // check if result is complete
            return $result;
        } elseif (is_array($value)) {
            earlyReturningRecursion($value, $soughtKeys, $result);
        } elseif (isset($soughtKeys[$key]) && !key_exists($key, $result)) {
            $result[$key] = "$key is $value";
        }
    }
    return $result;
}
var_export(earlyReturningRecursion($array, $soughtKeys));
// same output as the first snippet

我将首先设置要null的值,然后仅在尚未找到的情况下保存它们,通过检查is_null()。我尚未测试此代码,但看起来应该这样:

$submodel = null;
array_walk_recursive ($array, (function ($item, $key) {
    $wanted = "submodel";
    if ($key === $wanted && is_null($submodel)) {
        echo ("$key is $item");
        $submodel = $item;
    }
}));

array_walk_recursive((的缺陷是不允许返回匹配结果,但是在php 7中,您可以使用匿名函数和变量来存储匹配值。

$matching = null;
$wanted = "submodel";
array_walk_recursive ($array, function ($item, $key) use ($wanted, $matching) {
    if (($key === $wanted) && is_null($matching)) {
        $matching = $item;
    }
});

就无法从array_walk_recursive()提早返回,我建议创建一个函数以查找$wanted的第一次出现:

$arr = [
  'vehicle info' => [
     'one' => ['submodel' => 'LX', 'engine' => '2.3'],
     'two' => ['color' => 'blue', 'year' => '2007', 'wheels' => '4'],
     'three' => ['submodel' => 'LX', 'make' => 'Ford', 'model' => 'F-150', 'offroad' => 'No'],
    ],
];
function find($needle, $haystack, $found = '')
{
    foreach ($haystack as $key => $value) {
        if ($found) {
            break;
        }
        if ($key === $needle) {
            $found = "{$needle} is {$value}";
            break;
        }
        if (is_array($value)) {
            $found = find($needle, $value, $found);
        }
    }
    return $found;
}
$wanted = 'submodel';
$result = find($wanted, $arr);
var_dump($result); // string(14) "submodel is LX"

实时演示


更新:要搜索多个键,您需要在循环中进行操作:

$multiple_keys = array('submodel', 'year');
foreach ($multiple_keys as $wanted) {
    var_dump(find($wanted, $arr));
}
// Output:
//    string(14) "submodel is LX"
//    string(12) "year is 2007"

实时演示

最新更新