如何添加带有代码的UIView?不使用故事板

Question

我是一个初学者，只能通过故事板添加元素。

现在我想知道如何在不使用故事板的情况下将UIView代码添加到屏幕上。

我需要把它放在屏幕的最顶部，全宽，用UIView 代替NavigationBar

import UIKit
class ChatsNavBar: UIView {
@IBOutlet weak var nameLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var statusLabel: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var imageUser: UIImageView!
@IBOutlet weak var backButton: UIButton! {
didSet {
backButton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsets(top: 0, left: 0, bottom: 0, right: 0)
}
}
@IBOutlet weak var navView: UIView!

override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
commonInit()
}

required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: coder)
commonInit()
}

private func commonInit() {
let bundle = Bundle(for: ChatsNavBar.self)
bundle.loadNibNamed("ChatsNavBar", owner: self, options: nil)
navView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
addSubview(nameLabel)
addSubview(navView)
addSubview(statusLabel)
addSubview(imageUser)
addSubview(backButton)
nameLabel.frame = self.bounds
nameLabel.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
}

@IBAction func backAction(_ sender: Any) {
}
}

class ChatsViewController: MessagesViewController {

init(user: MUser, chat: MChat) {
self.user = user
self.chat = chat
super.init(nibName: nil, bundle: nil)
title = "(chat.friendUsername) (chat.friendUserSurname)"
}

required init?(coder: NSCoder) {
fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
}

override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
configureMessageInputBar()

let navController = UIView()

Answer 1

以下是如何将其放置在整个屏幕上

let viewOverLay = ChatsNavBar()
navigationController.view.addSubview(viewOverLay)
viewOverLay.frame = navigationController.navigationBar.bounds