使用'union'和'order by'查询时'missing from-clause entry'错误

Question

我有一个查询，有3个联合和一个order by子句。

如果s1, s2, s3和s4是包含select查询的字符串变量，oc是包含order by子句的字符串变量，那么完整的查询是:

s1 & " union " & s2 & " union " & s3 & " union " & s4 & oc

每个select都是完全相同的格式，只是参数不同，并且每个select都包含多个连接。

查询失败，报错

运行时错误:'-2147467259 (80004005)':

缺少eventtable表的from-clause entry;错误而执行查询

但是，以下所有的变量都不会导致错误

s1 & " union " & s2 & " union " & s3 & " union " & s4
s1 & oc
s2 & oc
s3 & oc
s4 & oc

导致错误的查询在.mdb格式的同一数据库上正常工作。

postgresql服务器为postgres 9.0程序为vb6, ado2.6，连接字符串为

提供者= MSDASQL;司机= {PostgreSQLANSI};服务器= localhost;数据库;= dbname UID = postgres; PWD =密码;CONNSETTINGS =Datestyle来"DMY"% 3 b; BOOLSASCHAR = 0; TEXTASLONGVARCHAR = 1; TrueIsMinus1 = 1;

编辑每个select语句的结构如下:

 select Charges.CHARGESCALENAMEF1, MATERIALST12.MATERIALNAMEF1
   , workspecificationst11.*
   , clientdetail.clientidf9
   , eventTbl.*
 from Charges
 right join (MATERIALST12 
            right join  (workspecificationst11 
                         right join (clientdetail
                                      right join  eventTbl
                                      on clientdetail.clientidf9 = eventTbl.clientidf2
                                    ) on workspecificationst11.serialnumf5 = eventTbl.workf5
                         ) ON MATERIALST12.SERIALNUMF3 = eventTbl.MATERIALF8
           ) ON Charges.SERIALNUMF2 = eventTbl.CHARGESCALEF7
 where eventTbl.clientidf2 = 15249
 and  eventTbl.workf5 = 40
 and  eventTbl.workstatusf14 = 2
 and eventTbl.section = 1
 and workspecificationst11.showinaccountsf9 = true
  ;

Answer 1

删除所有括号:

select Charges.CHARGESCALENAMEF1, MATERIALST12.MATERIALNAMEF1
   , workspecificationst11.*
   , clientdetail.clientidf9
   , eventTbl.*
 from Charges
 right join eventTbl ON Charges.SERIALNUMF2 = eventTbl.CHARGESCALEF7
 right join clientdetail on clientdetail.clientidf9 = eventTbl.clientidf2
 right join MATERIALST12 ON MATERIALST12.SERIALNUMF3 = eventTbl.MATERIALF8
 right join workspecificationst11 on workspecificationst11.serialnumf5 = eventTbl.workf5
 where eventTbl.clientidf2 = 15249
 and eventTbl.workf5 = 40
 and eventTbl.workstatusf14 = 2
 and eventTbl.section = 1
 and workspecificationst11.showinaccountsf9 = true

Answer 2

如果我理解正确，完整的查询最终看起来像下面这样，尽管我已经将其简化为两个SELECT语句，它们之间有一个UNION，最后是一个ORDER BY子句。根据你上面的评论，你发现:

在 ORDER BY子句中的table alias(在您的情况下eventTbl)在查询包含UNION 时不起作用。

我怀疑这是因为每个select查询都有一个eventTbl的本地表别名，但总的来说，在整个查询范围内，查询没有表别名。此外，ORDER BY is适用于整个结果集，而不是单个SELECT语句。

SELECT Charges.CHARGESCALENAMEF1, MATERIALST12.MATERIALNAMEF1
   , workspecificationst11.*
   , clientdetail.clientidf9
   , eventTbl.*
 from Charges
 right join (MATERIALST12 
            right join  (workspecificationst11 
                         right join (clientdetail
                                      right join  eventTbl
                                      on clientdetail.clientidf9 = eventTbl.clientidf2
                                    ) on workspecificationst11.serialnumf5 = eventTbl.workf5
                         ) ON MATERIALST12.SERIALNUMF3 = eventTbl.MATERIALF8
           ) ON Charges.SERIALNUMF2 = eventTbl.CHARGESCALEF7
 where eventTbl.clientidf2 = 15249
 and  eventTbl.workf5 = 40
 and  eventTbl.workstatusf14 = 2
 and eventTbl.section = 1
 and workspecificationst11.showinaccountsf9 = true
UNION
SELECT Charges.CHARGESCALENAMEF1, MATERIALST12.MATERIALNAMEF1
   , workspecificationst11.*
   , clientdetail.clientidf9
   , eventTbl.*
 from Charges
 right join (MATERIALST12 
            right join  (workspecificationst11 
                         right join (clientdetail
                                      right join  eventTbl
                                      on clientdetail.clientidf9 = eventTbl.clientidf2
                                    ) on workspecificationst11.serialnumf5 = eventTbl.workf5
                         ) ON MATERIALST12.SERIALNUMF3 = eventTbl.MATERIALF8
           ) ON Charges.SERIALNUMF2 = eventTbl.CHARGESCALEF7
 where eventTbl.clientidf2 = 15249
 and  eventTbl.workf5 = 40
 and  eventTbl.workstatusf14 = 2
 and eventTbl.section = 1
 and workspecificationst11.showinaccountsf9 = true
ORDER BY eventbl.datef1, eventtbl.eventidf15;

从ORDER BY中删除表别名有效，因为作为单个查询，上面的查询返回datef1列和eventiff15列，但没有在整个结果集中定义表别名。

<<p> 解决方案/strong>
从ORDER BY子句中删除表别名:

ORDER BY datef1, eventidf15;

我想你可以使表别名工作，如果你这样做:

SELECT * FROM
( Original full query goes here without the order by) AS eventTbl
ORDER BY eventbl.datef1, eventtbl.eventidf15;

Answer 3

建议重构:

WITH parms as (
   SELECT 15249 as clntid, 40 as wrkf, 2 as wkstat, sect = 1
   UNION ALL
   SELECT 14349 as clntid, 37 as wrkf, 23 as wkstat, sect = 5
   UNION ALL
   SELECT 16822 as clntid, 106 as wrkf, 55 as wkstat, sect = 2
   UNION ALL
   SELECT 24253 as clntid, 9 as wrkf, 43 as wkstat, sect = 9
)
from 
    CHARGES
       right join 
    eventTbl 
          ON Charges.SERIALNUMF2 = eventTbl.CHARGESCALEF7
       right join 
    clientdetail 
          on clientdetail.clientidf9 = eventTbl.clientidf2
       right join 
    MATERIALST12 
          ON MATERIALST12.SERIALNUMF3 = eventTbl.MATERIALF8
       right join 
    workspecificationst11 
          on workspecificationst11.serialnumf5 = eventTbl.workf5
       RIGHT JOIN 
    PARMS 
          ON (
              eventTbl.clientidf2 = PARMS.clntid
              and eventTbl.workf5 = PARMS.wrkf
              and eventTbl.workstatusf14 = PARMS.wkstat
              and eventTbl.section = PARMS.sect
          )
WHERE
   workspecificationst11.showinaccountsf9 = true

Answer 4

对我来说，问题很简单，我把表名拼错了，正如其他答案指出的那样，SQL认为那是表的别名。