密码包含"Expecting / to follow the hostname in URI"例外@

Question

我正在尝试将本地系统文件复制到服务器

package classes;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.commons.vfs.FileObject;
import org.apache.commons.vfs.FileSystemOptions;
import org.apache.commons.vfs.Selectors;
import org.apache.commons.vfs.impl.StandardFileSystemManager;
import org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.sftp.SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder;
public class SendMyFiles {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SendMyFiles sendMyFiles = new SendMyFiles();
  String fileToFTP = "zcol_30092013.xls";
  sendMyFiles.startFTP(fileToFTP);
 }
 public boolean startFTP(String fileToFTP){
  Properties prop = new Properties();
  InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("/config.properties");
  StandardFileSystemManager manager = new StandardFileSystemManager();
  try {
   prop.load(in);
   String serverAddress = prop.getProperty("serverAddress").trim();
   String userId = prop.getProperty("userId").trim();
   String password = prop.getProperty("password").trim();
   String remoteDirectory = prop.getProperty("remoteDirectory").trim();
   String localDirectory = prop.getProperty("localDirectory").trim();
   System.out.println("Cheking values "+serverAddress+" "+userId+" "+password+" "+remoteDirectory+" "+localDirectory);
   //check if the file exists
   String filepath = localDirectory;
   System.out.println("filepath "+filepath);
   File file = new File(filepath);
   System.out.println(file+" "+file.exists());
   if (!file.exists())
    throw new RuntimeException("Error. Local file not found");
   //Initializes the file manager
   manager.init();
   //Setup our SFTP configuration
   FileSystemOptions opts = new FileSystemOptions();
   SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setStrictHostKeyChecking(
     opts, "no");
   SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setUserDirIsRoot(opts, true);
   SftpFileSystemConfigBuilder.getInstance().setTimeout(opts, 10000);
   //Create the SFTP URI using the host name, userid, password,  remote path and file name
    String sftpUri= "sftp://" + userId + ":" + password + "@" + serverAddress + "/"
    + remoteDirectory+ fileToFTP;
   // Create local file object
    System.out.println("sftp uri "+sftpUri);
   System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());
   FileObject localFile = manager.resolveFile(file.getAbsolutePath());
   // Create remote file object
   FileObject remoteFile = manager.resolveFile(sftpUri, opts);
   // Copy local file to sftp server
   remoteFile.copyFrom(localFile, Selectors.SELECT_SELF);
   System.out.println("File upload successful");
  }
  catch (Exception ex) {
   ex.printStackTrace();
   return false;
  }
  finally {
   manager.close();
  }
  return true;
 } 
}

在执行代码时得到以下异常：

org.apache.commons.vfs.FileSystemException: Invalid absolute URI "sftp://vmsorbit:***@172.16.16.148/universe/files/zcol_30092013.xls".
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.AbstractOriginatingFileProvider.findFile(AbstractOriginatingFileProvider.java:62)
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.impl.DefaultFileSystemManager.resolveFile(DefaultFileSystemManager.java:692)
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.impl.DefaultFileSystemManager.resolveFile(DefaultFileSystemManager.java:620)
    at classes.SendMyFiles.startFTP(SendMyFiles.java:67)
    at classes.SendMyFiles.main(SendMyFiles.java:23)
Caused by: org.apache.commons.vfs.FileSystemException: Expecting / to follow the hostname in URI "sftp://vmsorbit:***@172.16.16.148/universe/files/zcol_30092013.xls".
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.HostFileNameParser.extractToPath(HostFileNameParser.java:155)
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.URLFileNameParser.parseUri(URLFileNameParser.java:49)
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.AbstractFileProvider.parseUri(AbstractFileProvider.java:188)
    at org.apache.commons.vfs.provider.AbstractOriginatingFileProvider.findFile(AbstractOriginatingFileProvider.java:58)
    ... 4 more

线路出错

FileObject localFile = manager.resolveFile(file.getAbsolutePath());

密码包含特殊字符@。

Answer 1

正如 @martin-prikryl 的回答所述，某些字符不能以原始形式出现在用户名和密码字段中，否则它们将使 URI 无效。

此处的根本原因是您使用简单的字符串串联来构造 URI：

String sftpUri= "sftp://" + userId + ":" + password + "@" + serverAddress + "/"
+ remoteDirectory+ fileToFTP;

Java具有URI和URL类，可用于从单个字段构造URI和URL。他们将正确处理每个字段的编码。您应该使用其中之一，而不是滚动自己的逻辑：

import java.net.URI;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
public class URITest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws URISyntaxException {
        String user = "user";
        String passwd = "p@ss/ord";
        String host = "example.com";
        String path = "/some/path";
        String userInfo = user + ":" + passwd;
        URI uri = new URI("sftp", userInfo, host, -1,
                path, null, null);
        System.out.println(uri.toString());
    }
}

这将打印：

sftp://user:[e-mail]/some/path

Answer 2

如果您的密码包含 @ ，URL 解析器将其视为用户信息/主机名分隔符。然后它会扫描主机名，在下一个@停止，这将实际的主机名分开。接下来，它检查主机名后的第一个字符是否/，它不是，因为它是@ 。逻辑对我来说没有多大意义，但解释了令人困惑的错误消息

期望/遵循 URI 中的主机名

但无论如何，即使逻辑更好，您的密码或用户名中也不能有文字@。您必须将其 URL 编码为%40 .

如果您的用户名/密码是可变的，您应该更好地使用以下UriParser.encode对其进行编码：

public static String encode(String decodedStr)

请注意，文档中的注释是错误的。它说方法"从字符串中删除 %nn 编码">，而它实际上添加了它们。