使用单个 .gitignore 文件忽略所有文件夹中的某些文件

Question

在阅读了几个关于.gitignore的问题后，我发现没有人可以回答我的问题：

我必须向 .gitignore 添加什么才能忽略所有具有特定结尾的文件，比如 *.txt所有文件夹中。

我希望在顶层只有一个.gitignore文件。

我尝试了几件事，但没有一件奏效。

这是我测试的（.gitignore之前已添加到存储库中，没有添加其他文件）：

  $ ls
  abc.txt  content
  $ ls content/
  abc.txt  def.other  def.txt
  $ echo "" > .gitignore

  $ git status --ignored --untracked-files=all
  # On branch master
  # Changes not staged for commit:
  #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
  #
  #       modified:   .gitignore
  #
  # Untracked files:
  #   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
  #
  #       abc.txt
  #       content/abc.txt
  #       content/def.other
  #       content/def.txt
  no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

这是预期的：所有文件都显示，因为 .gitignore 为空。

  $ echo "*.txt" > .gitignore
  $ git status --ignored --untracked-files=all
  # On branch master
  # Changes not staged for commit:
  #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  #   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
  #
  #       modified:   .gitignore
  #
  # Untracked files:
  #   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
  #
  #       content/def.other
  # Ignored files:
  #   (use "git add -f <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
  #
  #       abc.txt
  no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

为什么文件 content/abc.txt 和 content/def.txt 不显示在列表中？

  $ git clean -n
  Would not remove content/

我以为他们也会出现在这里。

  $ echo "" > .gitignore
  $ git clean -n
  Would remove abc.txt
  Would not remove content/
  $ cd content
  $ git clean -n -x
  Would remove def.other
  $ git clean -n -x
  Would remove abc.txt
  Would remove def.other
  Would remove def.txt

如果文件内容/abc.txt和content/def.txt由clean -n -x显示，而不是由clean -n显示，我认为它们被忽略了。但是为什么他们不出现在git status --ignored --untracked-files=all？

Answer 1

只需添加*.txt即可。检查 gitignore（5） 手册页以获取 gitignore 格式说明

如果尝试添加content目录，则将忽略所有*.txt文件。

$ echo "*.txt" > .gitignore 
$ git add content
$ git status --ignored --untracked-files=all
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
#   (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
#       new file:   content/def.other
#
# Untracked files:
#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       .gitignore
# Ignored files:
#   (use "git add -f <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
#       abc.txt
#       content/abc.txt
#       content/def.txt