正在保存订阅状态以便稍后恢复



更新-已解决

最终的解决方案与布兰登的建议有点不同,但他的回答让我走上了正轨。

class State
{
  public int Offset { get; set; }
  public HashSet<string> UniqueImageUrls = new HashSet<string>();
}
public IObservable<TPicture> GetPictures(ref object _state)
{
  var localState = (State) _state ?? new State();
  _state = localState;
  return Observable.Defer(()=>
  {
    return Observable.Defer(() => Observable.Return(GetPage(localState.Offset)))
      .SubscribeOn(TaskPoolScheduler.Default)
      .Do(x=> localState.Offset += 20)
      .Repeat()
      .TakeWhile(x=> x.Count > 0)
      .SelectMany(x=> x)
      .Where(x=> !localState.UniqueImageUrls.Contains(x.ImageUrl))
      .Do(x=> localState.UniqueImageUrls.Add(x.ImageUrl));
  });
}
IList<TPicture> GetPage(int offset)
{
  ... 
  return result;
}

原始问题

我目前正在努力解决以下问题。下面显示的PictureProvider实现使用一个偏移量变量,该变量用于分页提供实际数据的后端服务的结果。我想实现的是一个优雅的解决方案,使当前偏移量可用于可观察的消费者,以允许在稍后以正确的偏移量恢复可观察的序列。GetPictures()的initialState参数已经说明了恢复。

以更像RX的方式改进代码的建议也将受到欢迎。实际上,我不太确定Task.Run()的内容在这里是否合适。

  public class PictureProvider :
    IPictureProvider<Picture>
  {
    #region IPictureProvider implementation
    public IObservable<Picture> GetPictures(object initialState)
    {
      return Observable.Create<Picture>((IObserver<Picture> observer) =>
      {
        var state = new ProducerState(initialState);
        ProducePictures(observer, state);
        return state;
      });
    }
    #endregion
    void ProducePictures(IObserver<Picture> observer, ProducerState state)
    {
      Task.Run(() =>
      {
        try
        {
          while(!state.Terminate.WaitOne(0))
          {
            var page = GetPage(state.Offset);
            if(page.Count == 0)
            {
              observer.OnCompleted();
              break;
            }
            else
            {
              foreach(var picture in page)
                observer.OnNext(picture);

              state.Offset += page.Count;
            }
          }
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
          observer.OnError(ex);
        }
        state.TerminateAck.Set();
      });
    }
    IList<Picture> GetPage(int offset)
    {
      var result = new List<Picture>();
      ... boring web service call here
      return result;
    }
    public class ProducerState :
      IDisposable
    {
      public ProducerState(object initialState)
      {
        Terminate = new ManualResetEvent(false);
        TerminateAck = new ManualResetEvent(false);
        if(initialState != null)
          Offset = (int) initialState;
      }
      public ManualResetEvent Terminate { get; private set; }
      public ManualResetEvent TerminateAck { get; private set; }
      public int Offset { get; set; }
      #region IDisposable implementation
      public void Dispose()
      {
        Terminate.Set();
        TerminateAck.WaitOne();
        Terminate.Dispose();
        TerminateAck.Dispose();
      }
      #endregion
    }
  }

我建议重构接口,将状态作为数据的一部分。现在,客户有了他们需要的东西,可以在他们停止的地方重新订阅。

此外,一旦您开始使用Rx,您应该会发现很少需要使用像ManualResetEvent这样的同步原语。如果重构代码,使检索每个页面都是自己的Task,那么就可以消除所有同步代码。

此外,如果您在GetPage中调用一个"无聊的web服务",那么只需使其异步即可。这消除了调用Task.Run的需要以及其他好处。

这是一个重构版本,使用.NET 4.5 async/await语法。它也可以在没有async/await的情况下完成。我还添加了一个使用Observable.RunGetPageAsync方法,以防您真的无法将Web服务调用转换为异步

/// <summary>A set of pictures</summary>
public struct PictureSet
{
    public int Offset { get; private set; }
    public IList<Picture> Pictures { get; private set; }
    /// <summary>Clients will use this property if they want to pick up where they left off</summary>
    public int NextOffset { get { return Offset + Pictures.Count; } }
    public PictureSet(int offset, IList<Picture> pictures)
        :this() { Offset = offset; Pictures = pictures; }
}
public class PictureProvider : IPictureProvider<PictureSet>
{
    public IObservable<PictureSet> GetPictures(int offset = 0)
    {
        // use Defer() so we can capture a copy of offset
        // for each observer that subscribes (so multiple
        // observers do not update each other's offset
        return Observable.Defer<PictureSet>(() =>
        {
            var localOffset = offset;
            // Use Defer so we re-execute GetPageAsync()
            // each time through the loop.
            // Update localOffset after each GetPageAsync()
            // completes so that the next call to GetPageAsync()
            // uses the next offset
            return Observable.Defer(() => GetPageAsync(localOffset))
                .Select(pictures =>
                    {
                        var s = new PictureSet(localOffset, pictures);
                        localOffset += pictures.Count;
                    })
                .Repeat()
                .TakeWhile(pictureSet => pictureSet.Pictures.Count > 0);
        });
    }
    private async Task<IList<Picture>> GetPageAsync(int offset)
    {
        var data = await BoringWebServiceCallAsync(offset);
        result = data.Pictures.ToList();
    }
    // this version uses Observable.Run() (which just uses Task.Run under the hood)
    // in case you cannot convert your
    // web service call to be asynchronous
    private IObservable<IList<Picture>> GetPageAsync(int offset)
    {
        return Observable.Run(() =>
        {
            var result = new List<Picture>();
            ... boring web service call here
            return result;
        });
    }
}

客户端只需要添加一个SelectMany调用即可获得其IObservable<Picture>。如果他们愿意,他们可以选择存储pictureSet.NextOffset

pictureProvider
    .GetPictures()
    .SelectMany(pictureSet => pictureSet.Pictures)
    .Subscribe(picture => whatever);

我不考虑如何保存订阅状态,而是考虑如何重播输入的状态(即,我会尝试创建一个可序列化的ReplaySubject,在恢复时,它只会重新订阅并恢复到当前状态)。

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