为什么Django没有视图权限?

Question

我有一个活跃的Django项目，其中管理面板是由客户支持团队使用的。Django缺少view权限，因此我必须将更改权限分配给客户支持团队，这有点危险。我有一些模型，由于安全问题，客户支持团队只需要视图访问，而不需要更改访问。为什么Django中缺少view权限?有什么解决办法吗?

Answer 1

这是一个解决方法。

通过从mixin继承模型来创建具有视图权限的模型:

class ViewPermissionsMixin(models.Model):
    """
        Mixin adds view permission to model.
    """
    class Meta:
        abstract=True
        default_permissions = ('add', 'change', 'delete', 'view')

示例模型:

class ExampleModel(ViewPermissionsMixin):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
    class Meta(ViewPermissionsMixin.Meta):
        abstract = False

这将添加可以分配给特定用户/组的视图权限。但是，如果没有适当的管理修改，这样的权限是无用的。

管理员

这是你的管理员的mixin:

class AdminViewMixin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def has_perm(self,user,permission):
        """
            Usefull shortcut for `user.has_perm()`
        """
        if user.has_perm("%s.%s_%s" % (self.model._meta.app_label,permission,self.model.__name__.lower(),)):
            return True
        return False
    def has_module_permission(self, request): # Django 1.8
        pass
    def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):
        """
            Necessary permission check to let Django show change_form for `view` permissions
        """
        if request.user.is_superuser:
            return True
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'change'):
            return True
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'view'):
            return True
        return super(AdminMixin, self).has_change_permission(request, obj)
    def get_readonly_fields(self, request, obj=None):
        """
            Turn each model field into read-only for `viewers`
        """
        all_model_fields = []
        for field in self.model._meta.fields:
            # TODO in Django 1.8 use ModelAdmin.get_fields()
            if not field.auto_created 
                and (not hasattr(field,'auto_now_add') or not field.auto_now_add) 
                and (not hasattr(field,'auto_now') or not field.auto_now) 
                :
                all_model_fields.append(field.name)
        if request.user.is_superuser:
            return self.readonly_fields
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'change'):
            return self.readonly_fields
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'view'):
            return all_model_fields
        return self.readonly_fields
    def change_view(self, request, object_id, extra_context=None):
        """
            Disable buttons for `viewers` in `change_view`
        """
        if request.user.is_superuser:
            pass
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'change'):
            pass
        elif self.has_perm(request.user,'view'):
            extra_context = extra_context or {}
            extra_context['hide_save_buttons'] = True
        return super(AdminViewMixin, self).change_view(request, object_id, extra_context=extra_context)

管理例子:

@admin.register(models.ExampleModel)
class ExampleAdmin(AdminViewMixin):
    list_display = ('name',)
    pass

最后，在Django Admin中为任意用户或组指定特定模型的view权限。

Answer 2

我想这应该行得通:

1。添加"查看"权限，参见https://stackoverflow.com/a/23411901/1266258

2。自定义change权限:

class FooAdmin(ModelAdmin):
    def has_change_permission(self, request, obj=None):
        # user can view the change list
        if not obj and request.user.has_perm('myapp.view_foo'):
            return True
        # user can view the change form and change the obj
        return request.user.has_perm('myapp.change_foo')