我正试图按照本教程使用Visual Studio代码构建一个docker映像"https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/python/tutorial-deploy-containers".
我创建了一个django应用程序，使用pyodbc包连接到azure上的MSSQLserver。
在构建docker镜像的过程中，我收到以下错误消息：
unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for pyodbc
和
unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Failed building wheel for typed-ast
我读过linux系统的解决方案，其中应该安装python-dev，但由于我在windows机器上工作，所以这不是解决方案。
然后我读到，在windows上，所有需要的文件都在python安装的include目录中。但在venv安装中，此目录是空的。。。所以我创建了一个到原始include的目录连接。错误仍然存在。
我的docker文件包含在下面。
# Python support can be specified down to the minor or micro version
# (e.g. 3.6 or 3.6.3).
# OS Support also exists for jessie & stretch (slim and full).
# See https://hub.docker.com/r/library/python/ for all supported Python
# tags from Docker Hub.
FROM tiangolo/uwsgi-nginx:python3.6-alpine3.7
# Indicate where uwsgi.ini lives
ENV UWSGI_INI uwsgi.ini
# Tell nginx where static files live (as typically collected using Django's
# collectstatic command.
ENV STATIC_URL /app/static_collected
# Copy the app files to a folder and run it from there
WORKDIR /app
ADD . /app
# Make app folder writable for the sake of db.sqlite3, and make that file also writable.
# RUN chmod g+w /app
# RUN chmod g+w /app/db.sqlite3
# If you prefer miniconda:
#FROM continuumio/miniconda3
LABEL Name=hello_django Version=0.0.1
EXPOSE 8000
# Using pip:
RUN python3 -m pip install -r requirements.txt
CMD ["python3", "-m", "hello_django"]
# Using pipenv:
#RUN python3 -m pip install pipenv
#RUN pipenv install --ignore-pipfile
#CMD ["pipenv", "run", "python3", "-m", "hello_django"]
# Using miniconda (make sure to replace 'myenv' w/ your environment name):
#RUN conda env create -f environment.yml
#CMD /bin/bash -c "source activate myenv && python3 -m hello_django"
我可以在没有错误的情况下帮助构建图像。
根据2ps的答案，我几乎在docker文件的顶部添加了这些行
FROM tiangolo/uwsgi-nginx:python3.6-alpine3.7
RUN apk update
&& apk add apk add gcc libc-dev g++
&& apk add libffi-dev libxml2 libffi-dev
&& apk add unixodbc-dev mariadb-dev python3-dev
并收到一个新错误。。。
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
fetch http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz
v3.7.1-98-g2f2e944c59 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/main]
v3.7.1-105-g7db92f4321 [http://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.7/community]
OK: 9053 distinct packages available
ERROR: unsatisfiable constraints:
add (missing):
required by: world[add]
apk (missing):
required by: world[apk]
The command '/bin/sh -c apk update && apk add apk add gcc libc-dev g++ && apk add libffi-dev libxml2 libffi-dev && apk add unixodbc-dev mariadb-dev python3-dev' returned a non-zero code: 2
发现添加
RUN echo "ipv6" >> /etc/modules
帮助解决了上述错误。取自：https://github.com/gliderlabs/docker-alpine/issues/55
该应用程序现在可以工作，但与MsSQL数据库的预期连接仍然无法工作。
Error at /
('01000', "[01000] [unixODBC][Driver Manager]Can't open lib 'ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server' : file not found (0) (SQLDriverConnect)")
我想我应该弄点码头工人的文件。
我放弃了使用alpine的解决方案，转而使用debian
FROM python:3.7
# needed files for pyodbc
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install gcc libc-dev g++ libffi-dev libxml2 libffi-dev unixodbc-dev -y
# MS SQL driver 17 for debian
RUN apt-get install apt-transport-https
&& curl https://packages.microsoft.com/keys/microsoft.asc | apt-key add -
&& curl https://packages.microsoft.com/config/debian/9/prod.list > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mssql-release.list
&& apt-get update
&& ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get install msodbcsql17 -y
您需要使用apk来安装gcc和构建pip依赖关系所需的其他本机依赖关系。对于您列出的那些(typedast和pyodbc)，我认为它们应该是：
RUN apk update
&& apk add apk add gcc libc-dev g++
&& apk add libffi-dev libxml2 libffi-dev
&& apk add unixodbc-dev mariadb-dev python3-dev
我只是想把这个留给未来的任何人。我正试图将一个带有Spacy模型的Python Flask应用程序启动到Docker容器中，但在使用pip安装包时遇到了问题。事实证明，从这篇文章来看，gcc没有正确安装，所以一些基本的依赖关系失败了。
FROM python:3.7
# needed files for pyodbc
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install gcc libc-dev g++ libffi-dev libxml2 libffi-dev unixodbc-dev -y
解决了我的问题：
Building wheel for cffi (setup.py): finished with status 'error'
#8 20.92 Complete output from command /usr/local/bin/python -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-i
nstall-ei6nm1zm/cffi/setup.py';f=getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('rn', 'n');f.close(
);exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'))" bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-n8hlmng9 --python-tag cp37:
#8 20.92 unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
#8 20.92 unable to execute 'gcc': No such file or directory
以及其他一些失败的软件包。谢谢