PHP - 解析具有命名空间元素的 xml

Question

我阅读了其他帖子和解决方案，但它们对我不起作用 - 或者我可能不够了解它们。

我有一个 hp 网络扫描仪，并且有一个 perl 脚本，它通过一系列事务进行交互，以便我可以启动扫描。我正在努力将其直接移植到 php;更适合我想运行它的服务器。有些交易有效，有些则无效。这是关于一个没有。

我从其中一个查询中获取了 XML，但它无法成功解析(或者这是我不够了解它的地方)。我正在运行 php 版本 7.1.12，以防与此相关。

我的测试输出这个：

> php xmltest.php
SimpleXMLElement Object
(
)
object(SimpleXMLElement)#1 (0) {
}
>

如果 xml 更简单(我认为没有命名空间信息)，那么 print_r() 非常冗长。

这是完整的测试脚本，其中包含一些要处理的实际数据

error_reporting( E_ALL );
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
$test_1 = <<<EOM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope 
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-encoding"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing"
xmlns:wst="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/transfer"
xmlns:mex="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex"
xmlns:wsdp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof"
xmlns:PNPX="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/pnpx/2005/10"
xmlns:UNS1="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/test/testdevice/11/2005"
xmlns:dd="http://www.hp.com/schemas/imaging/con/dictionaries/1.0"
xmlns:wprt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/print"
xmlns:wscn="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/scan">
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
<wsa:To>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</wsa:To>
<wsa:Action>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/transfer/GetResponse</wsa:Action>
<wsa:MessageID>urn:uuid:fec6e42d-5356-1f69-9c3a-001f2927cf33</wsa:MessageID>
<wsa:RelatesTo>urn:uuid:704ccde5-6861-415d-bd65-31dd9d7a8b98</wsa:RelatesTo>
</SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<mex:Metadata>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/ThisDevice">
<wsdp:ThisDevice>
<wsdp:FriendlyName xml:lang="en">Printer (HP Color LaserJet CM1312nfi MFP)</wsdp:FriendlyName>
<wsdp:FirmwareVersion>20140625</wsdp:FirmwareVersion>
<wsdp:SerialNumber>CNB885H665</wsdp:SerialNumber>
</wsdp:ThisDevice>
</mex:MetadataSection>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/ThisModel">
<wsdp:ThisModel>
<wsdp:Manufacturer xml:lang="en">HP</wsdp:Manufacturer>
<wsdp:ManufacturerUrl>http://www.hp.com/</wsdp:ManufacturerUrl>
<wsdp:ModelName xml:lang="en">HP Color LaserJet CM1312nfi MFP</wsdp:ModelName>
<wsdp:ModelNumber>CM1312nfi MFP</wsdp:ModelNumber>
<wsdp:PresentationUrl>http://192.168.1.20:80/</wsdp:PresentationUrl>
<PNPX:DeviceCategory>Printers</PNPX:DeviceCategory>
</wsdp:ThisModel>
</mex:MetadataSection>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/Relationship">
<wsdp:Relationship Type="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/host">
<wsdp:Hosted>
<wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsa:Address>http://192.168.1.20:3910/</wsa:Address>
<wsa:ReferenceProperties>
<UNS1:ServiceIdentifier>uri:prn</UNS1:ServiceIdentifier>
</wsa:ReferenceProperties>
</wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsdp:Types>wprt:PrinterServiceType</wsdp:Types>
<wsdp:ServiceId>uri:1cd4F16e-7c8a-a7a0-3797-00145a8827ce</wsdp:ServiceId>
<PNPX:CompatibleId>http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/print/PrinterServiceType</PNPX:CompatibleId>
</wsdp:Hosted>
</wsdp:Relationship>
</mex:MetadataSection>
</mex:Metadata>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
EOM;
$myxml1 = simplexml_load_string($test_1);
print_r($myxml1);
var_dump($myxml1);
exit;
?>

有几个参数依偎在那里，我想拉出来。例如，一个是：

<wsa:Address>http://192.168.1.20:3910/</wsa:Address>

你能帮我缩小关于如何访问此参数的知识差距吗？

谢谢！

Answer 1

首先，SOAP 和命名空间只是使解析 XML 变得比它必须的更难。我从未解析过具有命名空间的 XML，这些命名空间实际上使 XML 更易于理解，或者根本没有任何好处。我完全理解命名空间存在的原因，但这只意味着跳过一些额外的箍来获取数据。命名空间的诀窍是，您必须通过要求命名空间作为子命名空间来"输入"命名空间分支。

<?php
error_reporting( E_ALL );
ini_set('display_errors', 1);
$str = <<<EOM
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope 
xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"
xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-encoding"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
xmlns:wsa="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing"
xmlns:wst="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/transfer"
xmlns:mex="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/mex"
xmlns:wsdp="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof"
xmlns:PNPX="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/pnpx/2005/10"
xmlns:UNS1="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/test/testdevice/11/2005"
xmlns:dd="http://www.hp.com/schemas/imaging/con/dictionaries/1.0"
xmlns:wprt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/print"
xmlns:wscn="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/scan">
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
<wsa:To>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</wsa:To>
<wsa:Action>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/09/transfer/GetResponse</wsa:Action>
<wsa:MessageID>urn:uuid:fec6e42d-5356-1f69-9c3a-001f2927cf33</wsa:MessageID>
<wsa:RelatesTo>urn:uuid:704ccde5-6861-415d-bd65-31dd9d7a8b98</wsa:RelatesTo>
</SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<mex:Metadata>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/ThisDevice">
<wsdp:ThisDevice>
<wsdp:FriendlyName xml:lang="en">Printer (HP Color LaserJet CM1312nfi MFP)</wsdp:FriendlyName>
<wsdp:FirmwareVersion>20140625</wsdp:FirmwareVersion>
<wsdp:SerialNumber>CNB885H665</wsdp:SerialNumber>
</wsdp:ThisDevice>
</mex:MetadataSection>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/ThisModel">
<wsdp:ThisModel>
<wsdp:Manufacturer xml:lang="en">HP</wsdp:Manufacturer>
<wsdp:ManufacturerUrl>http://www.hp.com/</wsdp:ManufacturerUrl>
<wsdp:ModelName xml:lang="en">HP Color LaserJet CM1312nfi MFP</wsdp:ModelName>
<wsdp:ModelNumber>CM1312nfi MFP</wsdp:ModelNumber>
<wsdp:PresentationUrl>http://192.168.1.20:80/</wsdp:PresentationUrl>
<PNPX:DeviceCategory>Printers</PNPX:DeviceCategory>
</wsdp:ThisModel>
</mex:MetadataSection>
<mex:MetadataSection Dialect="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/Relationship">
<wsdp:Relationship Type="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof/host">
<wsdp:Hosted>
<wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsa:Address>http://192.168.1.20:3910/</wsa:Address>
<wsa:ReferenceProperties>
<UNS1:ServiceIdentifier>uri:prn</UNS1:ServiceIdentifier>
</wsa:ReferenceProperties>
</wsa:EndpointReference>
<wsdp:Types>wprt:PrinterServiceType</wsdp:Types>
<wsdp:ServiceId>uri:1cd4F16e-7c8a-a7a0-3797-00145a8827ce</wsdp:ServiceId>
<PNPX:CompatibleId>http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2006/08/wdp/print/PrinterServiceType</PNPX:CompatibleId>
</wsdp:Hosted>
</wsdp:Relationship>
</mex:MetadataSection>
</mex:Metadata>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
EOM;
$xml = simplexml_load_string($str);
$namespaces = $xml->getNamespaces(true);
// Here we are saying that we want the Body node in the SOAP-ENV namespace
$body = $xml->children( $namespaces['SOAP-ENV'] )->Body;
// Inside that Body node, we want to get into the mex namespace
$mex = $body->children( $namespaces['mex'] );
// We want the MetadataSections that are in each of the mex namespaces
$metadataSections = $mex->Metadata->MetadataSection;
// Loop through each of the MetadataSections
foreach( $metadataSections as $meta )
{
// Get inside the wsdp namespace
$wsdp = $meta->children( $namespaces['wsdp'] );
// Check if there is a Hosted node inside a Relationship node
if( isset( $wsdp->Relationship->Hosted ) )
{
// Get the wsa namespace inside the Hosted node
$wsa = $wsdp->Relationship->Hosted->children( $namespaces['wsa'] );
// If there is an Address inside the EndpointReference node
if( isset( $wsa->EndpointReference->Address ) )
{
// Then output it
echo $wsa->EndpointReference->Address;
}
}
}

Answer 2

作为一个非常简单的例子 - 如果你只想要wsa:Address元素......

$myxml1 = simplexml_load_string($test_1);
$myxml1->registerXPathNamespace("wsa", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing");
echo "wsa:Address=".(string)$myxml1->xpath("//wsa:Address")[0];

这仅确保wsa命名空间已注册到文档并可供 XPath 表达式使用。 然后 XPath 表达式只是说 - 从文档中的任何位置获取元素wsa:Address。 但是由于xpath返回所有匹配项的列表(即使只有 1 项)，因此使用[0]获取第一项。 这输出...

wsa:Address=http://192.168.1.20:3910/

如果您需要有关(例如)<wsdp:Hosted>元素的更多数据，您可以执行以下操作...

$myxml1 = simplexml_load_string($test_1);
$myxml1->registerXPathNamespace("wsdp", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2006/02/devprof");
$hosted = $myxml1->xpath("//wsdp:Hosted")[0];
$hostedWSA = $hosted->children("wsa", true);
echo "wsa:Address=".(string)$hostedWSA->EndpointReference->Address.PHP_EOL;
$hostedWSPD = $hosted->children("wsdp", true);
echo "wsdp:Types=".(string)$hostedWSPD->Types.PHP_EOL;

因此，首先获取正确的元素，然后使用该节点内不同命名空间中的各种子节点。