下面是代码头中的一个问题：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
#include "extPersonType.h"
#include "orderedLinkedList.h"
using namespace std;
class addressBookType: public orderedLinkedListType
{
public:
void print() const;
void printNameInTheMonth(int month);
void printInfoOf(string lName);
void printNamesWithStatus(string status);
void printNamesBetweenLastNames(string last1,
string last2);
void insertNode(const extPersonType& eP);
void searchName(string lName);
void saveData(ofstream&);
addressBookType();
private:
nodeType* searchList(string lName);
};
void addressBookType::print() const
{
nodeType* current = first;
while (current != NULL)
{
current->info.printInfo();
cout << endl;
current= current->link;
}
}
void addressBookType::printNameInTheMonth(int month)
{
nodeType* current = first;
while(current != NULL)
{
if (current->info.isMonth(month))
{
current->info.print();
cout << endl;
}
current = current->link;
}
}
void addressBookType::printInfoOf(string lName)
{
nodeType* location = searchList(lName);
if (location != NULL)
location->info.printInfo();
else
cout << lName << " is not in address book." << endl;
}
void addressBookType::printNamesWithStatus(string status)
{
nodeType* current = first;
while (current != NULL)
{
if (current->info.isStatus(status))
{
current->info.print();
cout << endl;
}
current = current->link;
}
}
void addressBookType::printNamesBetweenLastNames(string last1,
string last2)
{
string lName;
nodeType* current = first;
while(current != NULL)
{
lName = current->info.getLastName();
if (last1 <= lName && lName <= last2)
{
current->info.print();
cout << endl;
}
current = current->link;
}
}
void addressBookType::insertNode(const extPersonType& eP)
{
orderedLinkedListType::insertNode(eP);
}
void addressBookType::searchName(string lName)
{
nodeType* location = searchList(lName);
if (location != NULL)
cout << lName << " is in the address book" << endl;
else
cout << lName << " is not in the address book" << endl;
}
nodeType* addressBookType::searchList(string lName)
{
nodeType* current = first;
bool found = false;
while (current != NULL)
{
if (current->info.isLastName(lName))
{
found = true;
break;
}
current = current->link;
}
return current;
}
void addressBookType::saveData(ofstream& outFile)
{
string firstN;
string lastN;
int month;
int day;
int year;
string street;
string city;
string state;
string zip;
string phone;
string pStatus;
nodeType* current = first;
while (current != NULL)
{
current->info.getDOB(month, day, year);
current->info.getAddress(street,city,state,zip);
current->info.getPhoneNumber();
current->info.getStatus();
outFile << current->info.getFirstName() << " "
<< current->info.getLastName() << endl;
outFile << month << " " << day << " " << year << endl;
outFile << street << endl << city << endl << state << endl << zip
<< endl;
outFile << current->info.getPhoneNumber() << endl
<< current->info.getStatus() << endl;
current = current->link;
}
}
addressBookType::addressBookType()
{
}
这是我怀疑有问题的两个头文件，但根本没有错误
#include <iostream>
#include "linkedList.h"
using namespace std;
class orderedLinkedListType: public linkedListType
{
public:
bool search(const int& searchItem) const;
//Function to determine whether searchItem is in the list
//Postcondition: Returns true if searchItem is in the list;
// otherwise, the value false is returned.
void insertNode(const int& newItem);
//Function to insert newItem in the list
//Postcondition: first points to the new list and
// newItem is inserted at the proper place in the list
void deleteNode(const int& deleteItem);
//Function to delete deleteItem from the list
//Postcondition: If found, then the node containing the
// deleteItem is deleted from the list;
// first points to the first node of
// the new list
// If deleteItem is not in the list,
// an appropriate message is printed
void printListReverse() const;
//This function prints the list in reverse order
//Because the original list is in ascending order, the
//elements will be printed in descending order
private:
void reversePrint(nodeType *current) const;
//This function is called by the public member
//function to print the list in reverse order
};
bool orderedLinkedListType::search(const int& searchItem) const
{
bool found = false;
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
current = first; //start the search at the first node
while (current != NULL && !found)
if (current->info >= searchItem)
found = true;
else
current = current->link;
if (found)
found = (current->info == searchItem); //test for equality
return found;
}//end search
void orderedLinkedListType::insertNode(const int& newitem)
{
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
nodeType *trailCurrent; //pointer just before current
nodeType *newNode; //pointer to create a node
bool found;
newNode = new nodeType; //create the node
assert(newNode != NULL);
newNode->info = newitem; //store newitem in the node
newNode->link = NULL; //set the link field of the node
//to NULL
if (first == NULL) //Case 1
{
first = newNode;
count++;
}
else
{
current = first;
found = false;
while (current != NULL && !found) //search the list
if (current->info >= newitem)
found = true;
else
{
trailCurrent = current;
current = current->link;
}
if (current == first) //Case 2
{
newNode->link = first;
first = newNode;
count++;
}
else //Case 3
{
trailCurrent->link = newNode;
newNode->link = current;
count++;
}
}//end else
}//end insertNode
void orderedLinkedListType::deleteNode(const int& deleteItem)
{
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
nodeType *trailCurrent; //pointer just before current
bool found;
if (first == NULL) //Case 1
cout << "Cannot delete from an empty list." << endl;
else
{
current = first;
found = false;
while (current != NULL && !found) //search the list
if (current->info >= deleteItem)
found = true;
else
{
trailCurrent = current;
current = current->link;
}
if (current == NULL) //Case 4
cout << "The item to be deleted is not in the "
<< "list." << endl;
else
if (current->info == deleteItem) //item to be
//deleted is in the list
{
if (first == current) //Case 2
{
first = first->link;
delete current;
}
else //Case 3
{
trailCurrent->link = current->link;
delete current;
}
count--;
}
else //Case 4
cout << "Item to be deleted is not in the "
<< "list." << endl;
}
} //end deleteNode
void orderedLinkedListType::reversePrint
(nodeType *current) const
{
if (current != NULL)
{
reversePrint(current->link); //print the tail
cout << current->info << " "; //print the node
}
}
void orderedLinkedListType::printListReverse() const
{
reversePrint(first);
cout << endl;
}
这是第二个：
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
#include <assert.h>
using namespace std;
//Definition of the node
struct nodeType
{
int info;
nodeType *link;
};
class linkedListType
{
public:
const linkedListType& operator=
(const linkedListType&);
//Overload the assignment operator.
void initializeList();
//Initialize the list to an empty state.
//Postcondition: first = NULL, last = NULL, count = 0;
bool isEmptyList() const;
//Function to determine whether the list is empty.
//Postcondition: Returns true if the list is empty,
// otherwise it returns false.
void print() const;
//Function to output the data contained in each node.
//Postcondition: none
int length() const;
//Function to return the number of nodes in the list.
//Postcondition: The value of count is returned.
void destroyList();
//Function to delete all the nodes from the list.
//Postcondition: first = NULL, last = NULL, count = 0;
int front() const;
//Function to return the first element of the list.
//Precondition: The list must exist and must not be
// empty.
//Postcondition: If the list is empty, the program
// terminates; otherwise, the first
// element of the list is returned.
int back()const;
//Function to return the last element of the list.
//Precondition: The list must exist and must not be
// empty.
//Postcondition: If the list is empty, the program
// terminates; otherwise, the last
// element of the list is returned.
bool search(const int& searchItem) const;
//Function to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
//Postcondition: Returns true if searchItem is in the
// list, otherwise the value false is
// returned.
void insertFirst(const int& newItem);
//Function to insert newItem at the beginning of the list.
//Postcondition: first points to the new list, newItem is
// inserted at the beginning of the list,
// last points to the last node in the list,
// and count is incremented by 1.
void insertLast(const int& newItem);
//Function to insert newItem at the end of the list.
//Postcondition: first points to the new list, newItem
// is inserted at the end of the list,
// last points to the last node in the list,
// and count is incremented by 1.
void deleteNode(const int& deleteItem);
//Function to delete deleteItem from the list.
//Postcondition: If found, the node containing
// deleteItem is deleted from the list.
// first points to the first node, last
// points to the last node of the updated
// list, and count is decremented by 1.
linkedListType();
//default constructor
//Initializes the list to an empty state.
//Postcondition: first = NULL, last = NULL, count = 0;
linkedListType(const linkedListType& otherList);
//copy constructor
~linkedListType();
//destructor
//Deletes all the nodes from the list.
//Postcondition: The list object is destroyed.
protected:
int count; //variable to store the number of
//elements in the list
nodeType *first; //pointer to the first node of the list
nodeType *last; //pointer to the last node of the list
private:
void copyList(const linkedListType& otherList);
//Function to make a copy of otherList.
//Postcondition: A copy of otherList is created and
// assigned to this list.
};
bool linkedListType::isEmptyList() const
{
return(first == NULL);
}
linkedListType::linkedListType() //default constructor
{
first = NULL;
last = NULL;
count = 0;
}
void linkedListType::destroyList()
{
nodeType *temp; //pointer to deallocate the memory
//occupied by the node
while (first != NULL) //while there are nodes in the list
{
temp = first; //set temp to the current node
first = first->link; //advance first to the next node
delete temp; //deallocate the memory occupied by temp
}
last = NULL; //initialize last to NULL; first has already
//been set to NULL by the while loop
count = 0;
}
void linkedListType::initializeList()
{
destroyList(); //if the list has any nodes, delete them
}
void linkedListType::print() const
{
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
current = first; //set current so that it points to
//the first node
while (current != NULL) //while more data to print
{
cout << current->info << " ";
current = current->link;
}
}//end print
int linkedListType::length() const
{
return count;
} //end length
int linkedListType::front() const
{
assert(last != NULL);
return first->info; //return the info of the first node
}//end front
int linkedListType::back() const
{
assert(last != NULL);
return last->info; //return the info of the first node
}//end back
bool linkedListType::search(const int& searchItem) const
{
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
bool found = false;
current = first; //set current to point to the first
//node in the list
while (current != NULL && !found) //search the list
if (current->info == searchItem) //searchItem is found
found = true;
else
current = current->link; //make current point to
//the next node
return found;
}//end search
void linkedListType::insertFirst(const int& newItem)
{
nodeType *newNode; //pointer to create the new node
newNode = new nodeType; //create the new node
assert(newNode != NULL); //if unable to allocate memory,
//terminate the program
newNode->info = newItem; //store the new item in the node
newNode->link = first; //insert newNode before first
first = newNode; //make first point to the
//actual first node
count++; //increment count
if (last == NULL) //if the list was empty, newNode is also
//the last node in the list
last = newNode;
}//end insertFirst
void linkedListType::insertLast(const int& newItem)
{
nodeType *newNode; //pointer to create the new node
newNode = new nodeType; //create the new node
assert(newNode != NULL); //if unable to allocate memory,
//terminate the program
newNode->info = newItem; //store the new item in the node
newNode->link = NULL; //set the link field of newNode
//to NULL
if (first == NULL) //if the list is empty, newNode is
//both the first and last node
{
first = newNode;
last = newNode;
count++; //increment count
}
else //the list is not empty, insert newNode after last
{
last->link = newNode; //insert newNode after last
last = newNode; //make last point to the actual last node
count++; //increment count
}
}//end insertLast
void linkedListType::deleteNode(const int& deleteItem)
{
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
nodeType *trailCurrent; //pointer just before current
bool found;
if (first == NULL) //Case 1; the list is empty.
cout << "Cannot delete from an empty list."
<< endl;
else
{
if (first->info == deleteItem) //Case 2
{
current = first;
first = first->link;
count--;
if (first == NULL) //the list has only one node
last = NULL;
delete current;
}
else //search the list for the node with the given info
{
found = false;
trailCurrent = first; //set trailCurrent to point
//to the first node
current = first->link; //set current to point to
//the second node
while (current != NULL && !found)
{
if (current->info != deleteItem)
{
trailCurrent = current;
current = current-> link;
}
else
found = true;
}//end while
if (found) //Case 3; if found, delete the node
{
trailCurrent->link = current->link;
count--;
if (last == current) //node to be deleted
//was the last node
last = trailCurrent; //update the value
//of last
delete current; //delete the node from the list
}
else
cout << "The item to be deleted is not in "
<< "the list." << endl;
}//end else
}//end else
}//end deleteNode
void linkedListType::copyList
(const linkedListType& otherList)
{
nodeType *newNode; //pointer to create a node
nodeType *current; //pointer to traverse the list
if (first != NULL) //if the list is nonempty, make it empty
destroyList();
if (otherList.first == NULL) //otherList is empty
{
first = NULL;
last = NULL;
count = 0;
}
else
{
current = otherList.first; //current points to the
//list to be copied
count = otherList.count;
//copy the first node
first = new nodeType; //create the node
assert(first != NULL);
first->info = current->info; //copy the info
first->link = NULL; //set the link field of
//the node to NULL
last = first; //make last point to the
//first node
current = current->link; //make current point to
//the next node
//copy the remaining list
while (current != NULL)
{
newNode = new nodeType; //create a node
assert(newNode != NULL);
newNode->info = current->info; //copy the info
newNode->link = NULL; //set the link of
//newNode to NULL
last->link = newNode; //attach newNode after last
last = newNode; //make last point to
//the actual last node
current = current->link; //make current point
//to the next node
}//end while
}//end else
}//end copyList
linkedListType::~linkedListType() //destructor
{
destroyList();
}//end destructor
linkedListType::linkedListType
(const linkedListType& otherList)
{
first = NULL;
copyList(otherList);
}//end copy constructor
//overload the assignment operator
const linkedListType& linkedListType::operator=
(const linkedListType& otherList)
{
if (this != &otherList) //avoid self-copy
{
copyList(otherList);
}//end else
return *this;
}
我收到一个错误，说error:request for member'printInfo'in'current->nodeType:：info'，它是非类类型'int'。很少有其他头文件链接到这个头，它们都有模板编码。然而，我设法从所有其他标头中删除了模板编码，除了这个标头之外，没有任何错误。有人能告诉我怎么解决吗？
您使用成员int info;定义了struct nodeType。但在addressBookType::printInfoOf（和addressBookType::print）中，有location->info.printInfo(); 行
由于info是int，因此它没有可调用的方法，printInfo或其他方法，因此出现错误。
看起来问题是由于代码中的另一个类型不匹配造成的。addressBookType的insertNode获取const extPersonType&（我认为它在其他地方定义并实现了您尝试使用的方法？），但将其传递给orderedLinkedListType::insertNode，后者获取并存储const int&。这通常不会起作用，但据猜测，extPersonType是一种类型（可能是C++11强类型的enum），它隐式转换为int，这可能会避免分配期间的编译错误，但仍然有效地剥离了insertNode上所有特定于extPersonType的行为，它从extPersonType变成了一个int。
如果你想要一个通用的链表，你需要对它进行模板化处理，而不仅仅是int，例如将nodeType更改为：
template<typename T>
struct nodeType {
T info;
nodeType<T> *link;
};
以及将与nodeType和orderedLinkedListType相关联的所有方法更新为适合于特定类型的模板，而不是int。如果你很懒，你可以把nodeType和orderedLinkedListType中的int的所有用途都改为extPersonType，但现在代码对int没有好处，所以选择你的毒药。