PHP 5.3 自动加载机

Question

我想使用 PSR-0 标准方式自动加载类而无需添加包含，例如，如何将以下代码替换为自动加载机制：

namespace Example;
use MyLibController;
include_once './library/MyLib/Controller/AbstractController.php';
class MyController extends ControllerAbstractController {
[...]

所以在上面的例子中，它表明在每个控制器中我都需要包含抽象控制器，这太疯狂了......

我在这里找到了PSR-0代码：

https://github.com/php-fig/fig-standards/blob/master/accepted/PSR-0.md

https://gist.github.com/221634

但是我不知道我需要如何在我的应用程序中实现这一点。

Answer 1

您需要

在应用程序的第一个脚本中包含（包含/要求语句）带有自动加载器代码的文件

如果你选择使用@Skpd所说的编辑器的自动加载器，那么你应该在第一个PHP脚本的顶部有这样的代码。

include_once __DIR__ . '/composer_autoloader.php'
$loader = new ComposerAutoloadClassLoader();
$loader->add('MyLib', __DIR__.'/library/');
$loader->register();

如果您决定使用 Composer 作为供应商经理，请将自定义命名空间添加到您的composer.json并包含vendor/autoload.php

Answer 2

您需要使用自动加载器。有来自 Composer 的示例类加载器：

<?php
/*
 * This file is part of Composer.
 *
 * (c) Nils Adermann <[e-mail]>
 *     Jordi Boggiano <[e-mail]>
 *
 * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE
 * file that was distributed with this source code.
 */
namespace ComposerAutoload;
/**
 * ClassLoader implements a PSR-0 class loader
 *
 * See https://github.com/php-fig/fig-standards/blob/master/accepted/PSR-0.md
 *
 *     $loader = new ComposerAutoloadClassLoader();
 *
 *     // register classes with namespaces
 *     $loader->add('SymfonyComponent', __DIR__.'/component');
 *     $loader->add('Symfony',           __DIR__.'/framework');
 *
 *     // activate the autoloader
 *     $loader->register();
 *
 *     // to enable searching the include path (eg. for PEAR packages)
 *     $loader->setUseIncludePath(true);
 *
 * In this example, if you try to use a class in the SymfonyComponent
 * namespace or one of its children (SymfonyComponentConsole for instance),
 * the autoloader will first look for the class under the component/
 * directory, and it will then fallback to the framework/ directory if not
 * found before giving up.
 *
 * This class is loosely based on the Symfony UniversalClassLoader.
 *
 * @author Fabien Potencier <[e-mail]>
 * @author Jordi Boggiano <[e-mail]>
 */
class ClassLoader
{
    private $prefixes = array();
    private $fallbackDirs = array();
    private $useIncludePath = false;
    private $classMap = array();
    public function getPrefixes()
    {
        return $this->prefixes;
    }
    public function getFallbackDirs()
    {
        return $this->fallbackDirs;
    }
    public function getClassMap()
    {
        return $this->classMap;
    }
    /**
     * @param array $classMap Class to filename map
     */
    public function addClassMap(array $classMap)
    {
        if ($this->classMap) {
            $this->classMap = array_merge($this->classMap, $classMap);
        } else {
            $this->classMap = $classMap;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Registers a set of classes
     *
     * @param string       $prefix The classes prefix
     * @param array|string $paths  The location(s) of the classes
     */
    public function add($prefix, $paths)
    {
        if (!$prefix) {
            foreach ((array) $paths as $path) {
                $this->fallbackDirs[] = $path;
            }
            return;
        }
        if (isset($this->prefixes[$prefix])) {
            $this->prefixes[$prefix] = array_merge(
                $this->prefixes[$prefix],
                (array) $paths
            );
        } else {
            $this->prefixes[$prefix] = (array) $paths;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Turns on searching the include path for class files.
     *
     * @param bool $useIncludePath
     */
    public function setUseIncludePath($useIncludePath)
    {
        $this->useIncludePath = $useIncludePath;
    }
    /**
     * Can be used to check if the autoloader uses the include path to check
     * for classes.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function getUseIncludePath()
    {
        return $this->useIncludePath;
    }
    /**
     * Registers this instance as an autoloader.
     *
     * @param bool $prepend Whether to prepend the autoloader or not
     */
    public function register($prepend = false)
    {
        spl_autoload_register(array($this, 'loadClass'), true, $prepend);
    }
    /**
     * Unregisters this instance as an autoloader.
     */
    public function unregister()
    {
        spl_autoload_unregister(array($this, 'loadClass'));
    }
    /**
     * Loads the given class or interface.
     *
     * @param  string    $class The name of the class
     * @return bool|null True, if loaded
     */
    public function loadClass($class)
    {
        if ($file = $this->findFile($class)) {
            include $file;
            return true;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Finds the path to the file where the class is defined.
     *
     * @param string $class The name of the class
     *
     * @return string|null The path, if found
     */
    public function findFile($class)
    {
        if ('\' == $class[0]) {
            $class = substr($class, 1);
        }
        if (isset($this->classMap[$class])) {
            return $this->classMap[$class];
        }
        if (false !== $pos = strrpos($class, '\')) {
            // namespaced class name
            $classPath = str_replace('\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, substr($class, 0, $pos)) . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
            $className = substr($class, $pos + 1);
        } else {
            // PEAR-like class name
            $classPath = null;
            $className = $class;
        }
        $classPath .= str_replace('_', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $className) . '.php';
        foreach ($this->prefixes as $prefix => $dirs) {
            if (0 === strpos($class, $prefix)) {
                foreach ($dirs as $dir) {
                    if (file_exists($dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $classPath)) {
                        return $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $classPath;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        foreach ($this->fallbackDirs as $dir) {
            if (file_exists($dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $classPath)) {
                return $dir . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $classPath;
            }
        }
        if ($this->useIncludePath && $file = stream_resolve_include_path($classPath)) {
            return $file;
        }
        return $this->classMap[$class] = false;
    }
}