如何将Microsoft Azure SQL Server连接到Django WebApp

Question

我正在使用Django WebApp，对于此应用程序，我想拥有一个在线数据库。碰巧的是，我的教师授予了使用一些Microsoft Azure服务(包括SQL数据库(的访问权限。现在，我想将Azure SQL数据库连接到我的Django项目，但是我无法使其工作。我可以通过Pycharm的数据源视图连接到数据库，但是使用"设置中的相同参数"。PY产生此错误：

Unhandled exception in thread started by <function check_errors.<locals>.wrapper at 0x03846270>
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoutilsautoreload.py", line 227, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangocoremanagementcommandsrunserver.py", line 117, in inner_run
autoreload.raise_last_exception()
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoutilsautoreload.py", line 250, in raise_last_exception
six.reraise(*_exception)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoutilssix.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoutilsautoreload.py", line 227, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjango__init__.py", line 27, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoappsregistry.py", line 108, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangoappsconfig.py", line 202, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libimportlib__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangocontribauthmodels.py", line 4, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangocontribauthbase_user.py", line 52, in <module>
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodbmodelsbase.py", line 124, in __new__
new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodbmodelsbase.py", line 330, in add_to_class
value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodbmodelsoptions.py", line 214, in contribute_to_class
self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodb__init__.py", line 33, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodbutils.py", line 212, in __getitem__
conn = backend.DatabaseWrapper(db, alias)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagessqlserver_adobase.py", line 184, in __init__
super(DatabaseWrapper, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:UserskairyAppDataLocalProgramsPythonPython36-32libsite-packagesdjangodbbackendsbasebase.py", line 96, in __init__
self.client = self.client_class(self)
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable

settings.py中的数据库对象看起来像这样(敏感信息编辑(：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        "ENGINE": "sqlserver_ado",
        'NAME': [databasename],
        "HOST": "tcp:[resourcegroup].database.windows.net",
        "PORT": "1433",
        "USER": [username@resourcegroup],
        "PASSWORD": [password]
    }
}

此配置有什么问题？

Answer 1

根据我的经验，如果您想从django webapp连接Azure SQL数据库，最佳实践的简单方法是遵循django-pyodbc-azure ReadMe来安装Python python packages pyodbc＆amp;django-pyodbc-azure并正确配置Django的settings.py文件如下。

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'sql_server.pyodbc',
        'NAME': 'mydb',
        'USER': 'user@myserver',
        'PASSWORD': 'password',
        'HOST': 'myserver.database.windows.net',
        'PORT': '',
        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server',
        },
    },
}