如何将YouTube API持续时间转换为秒



出于兴趣,我想将视频持续时间从YouTubes ISO 8601转换为秒。为了将来证明我的解决方案,我选择了一个很长的视频来测试它。

API在其持续时间内提供此功能- "duration": "P1W2DT6H21M32S"

我试着用dateutil解析这个持续时间,如stackoverflow.com/questions/969285所建议的。

import dateutil.parser
duration = = dateutil.parser.parse('P1W2DT6H21M32S')

抛出异常

TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +=: 'NoneType' and 'int'

我错过了什么?

Python的内置dateutil模块只支持解析ISO 8601日期,不支持解析ISO 8601持续时间。为此,您可以使用"isodate"。库(在pypi中:https://pypi.python.org/pypi/isodate——通过PIP或easy_install安装)。这个库完全支持ISO 8601持续时间,将它们转换为日期时间。timedelta对象。因此,一旦导入了库,就像这样简单:

import isodate
dur = isodate.parse_duration('P1W2DT6H21M32S')
print(dur.total_seconds())

适用于python 2.7+。这是Youtube v3问题的JavaScript一行代码。

import re
def YTDurationToSeconds(duration):
  match = re.match('PT(d+H)?(d+M)?(d+S)?', duration).groups()
  hours = _js_parseInt(match[0]) if match[0] else 0
  minutes = _js_parseInt(match[1]) if match[1] else 0
  seconds = _js_parseInt(match[2]) if match[2] else 0
  return hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds
# js-like parseInt
# https://gist.github.com/douglasmiranda/2174255
def _js_parseInt(string):
    return int(''.join([x for x in string if x.isdigit()]))
# example output 
YTDurationToSeconds(u'PT15M33S')
# 933

处理iso8061持续时间格式,以扩展Youtube使用长达小时

这是我的答案,它需要9000的正则表达式解决方案(谢谢你-对正则表达式的惊人掌握!)并完成了原始海报的YouTube用例的工作,即将小时,分钟和秒转换为秒。我使用.groups()而不是.groupdict(),后面跟着几个精心构造的列表推导。

import re
def yt_time(duration="P1W2DT6H21M32S"):
    """
    Converts YouTube duration (ISO 8061)
    into Seconds
    see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Durations
    """
    ISO_8601 = re.compile(
        'P'   # designates a period
        '(?:(?P<years>d+)Y)?'   # years
        '(?:(?P<months>d+)M)?'  # months
        '(?:(?P<weeks>d+)W)?'   # weeks
        '(?:(?P<days>d+)D)?'    # days
        '(?:T' # time part must begin with a T
        '(?:(?P<hours>d+)H)?'   # hours
        '(?:(?P<minutes>d+)M)?' # minutes
        '(?:(?P<seconds>d+)S)?' # seconds
        ')?')   # end of time part
    # Convert regex matches into a short list of time units
    units = list(ISO_8601.match(duration).groups()[-3:])
    # Put list in ascending order & remove 'None' types
    units = list(reversed([int(x) if x != None else 0 for x in units]))
    # Do the maths
    return sum([x*60**units.index(x) for x in units])

很抱歉没有张贴更高-这里仍然是新的,没有足够的声望积分来添加评论。

视频不是1周2天6小时21分32秒吗?

Youtube显示为222小时21分17秒;1 * 7 * 24 + 2 * 24 + 6 = 222。我不知道17秒和32秒的差异从何而来;也可能是舍入误差。

在我看来,为此编写解析器并不难。不幸的是,dateutil似乎不能解析时间间隔,只能解析日期时间点。

更新:

我看到有一个用于此的包,但只是作为regexp功能强大,简洁和难以理解的语法的示例,这里为您提供一个解析器:

import re
# see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601#Durations
ISO_8601_period_rx = re.compile(
    'P'   # designates a period
    '(?:(?P<years>d+)Y)?'   # years
    '(?:(?P<months>d+)M)?'  # months
    '(?:(?P<weeks>d+)W)?'   # weeks
    '(?:(?P<days>d+)D)?'    # days
    '(?:T' # time part must begin with a T
    '(?:(?P<hours>d+)H)?'   # hourss
    '(?:(?P<minutes>d+)M)?' # minutes
    '(?:(?P<seconds>d+)S)?' # seconds
    ')?'   # end of time part
)

from pprint import pprint
pprint(ISO_8601_period_rx.match('P1W2DT6H21M32S').groupdict())
# {'days': '2',
#  'hours': '6',
#  'minutes': '21',
#  'months': None,
#  'seconds': '32',
#  'weeks': '1',
#  'years': None}

我故意没有从这些数据中计算确切的秒数。它看起来微不足道(见上文),但实际上并非如此。例如,从1月1日开始,2个月的距离是58天(30+28)或59天(30+29),具体取决于年份,而从3月1日开始,总是61天。适当的日历实施应该考虑到所有这些因素;对于Youtube剪辑长度的计算,它必须是过量的。

每次解析输入字符串1个字符,如果字符是数字,它只是将其添加(字符串添加,而不是数学添加)到正在解析的当前值。如果它是'wdhms'之一,则将当前值分配给适当的变量(周,日,小时,分钟,秒),然后将值重置为准备接受下一个值。最后,将5个解析值的秒数相加。

def ytDurationToSeconds(duration): #eg P1W2DT6H21M32S
    week = 0
    day  = 0
    hour = 0
    min  = 0
    sec  = 0
    duration = duration.lower()
    value = ''
    for c in duration:
        if c.isdigit():
            value += c
            continue
        elif c == 'p':
            pass
        elif c == 't':
            pass
        elif c == 'w':
            week = int(value) * 604800
        elif c == 'd':
            day = int(value)  * 86400
        elif c == 'h':
            hour = int(value) * 3600
        elif c == 'm':
            min = int(value)  * 60
        elif c == 's':
            sec = int(value)
        value = ''
    return week + day + hour + min + sec

所以这就是我想到的-一个自定义解析器来解释时间:

def durationToSeconds(duration):
    """
    duration - ISO 8601 time format
    examples :
        'P1W2DT6H21M32S' - 1 week, 2 days, 6 hours, 21 mins, 32 secs,
        'PT7M15S' - 7 mins, 15 secs
    """
    split   = duration.split('T')
    period  = split[0]
    time    = split[1]
    timeD   = {}
    # days & weeks
    if len(period) > 1:
        timeD['days']  = int(period[-2:-1])
    if len(period) > 3:
        timeD['weeks'] = int(period[:-3].replace('P', ''))
    # hours, minutes & seconds
    if len(time.split('H')) > 1:
        timeD['hours'] = int(time.split('H')[0])
        time = time.split('H')[1]
    if len(time.split('M')) > 1:
        timeD['minutes'] = int(time.split('M')[0])
        time = time.split('M')[1]    
    if len(time.split('S')) > 1:
        timeD['seconds'] = int(time.split('S')[0])
    # convert to seconds
    timeS = timeD.get('weeks', 0)   * (7*24*60*60) + 
            timeD.get('days', 0)    * (24*60*60) + 
            timeD.get('hours', 0)   * (60*60) + 
            timeD.get('minutes', 0) * (60) + 
            timeD.get('seconds', 0)
    return timeS

现在它可能是超级不酷等等,但它是有效的,所以我分享,因为我关心你们的人

延伸9000的答案,显然Youtube的格式使用周,而不是月,这意味着总秒数可以很容易地计算出来。
这里没有使用命名组,因为我最初需要它与PySpark一起工作。

from operator import mul
from itertools import accumulate
import re
from typing import Pattern, List
SECONDS_PER_SECOND: int = 1
SECONDS_PER_MINUTE: int = 60
MINUTES_PER_HOUR: int = 60
HOURS_PER_DAY: int = 24
DAYS_PER_WEEK: int = 7
WEEKS_PER_YEAR: int = 52
ISO8601_PATTERN: Pattern = re.compile(
    r"P(?:(d+)Y)?(?:(d+)W)?(?:(d+)D)?"
    r"T(?:(d+)H)?(?:(d+)M)?(?:(d+)S)?"
)
def extract_total_seconds_from_ISO8601(iso8601_duration: str) -> int:
    """Compute duration in seconds from a Youtube ISO8601 duration format. """
    MULTIPLIERS: List[int] = (
        SECONDS_PER_SECOND, SECONDS_PER_MINUTE, MINUTES_PER_HOUR,
        HOURS_PER_DAY, DAYS_PER_WEEK, WEEKS_PER_YEAR
    )
    groups: List[int] = [int(g) if g is not None else 0 for g in
              ISO8601_PATTERN.match(iso8601_duration).groups()]
    return sum(g * multiplier for g, multiplier in
               zip(reversed(groups), accumulate(MULTIPLIERS, mul)))

延伸StanleyZheng的回答…不需要_js_parseInt函数

import re
def YTDurationToSeconds(duration):
    match = re.match('PT((d+)H)?((d+)M)?((d+)S)?', duration).groups()
    hours = int(match[1]) if match[1] else 0
    minutes = int(match[3]) if match[3] else 0
    seconds = int(match[5]) if match[5] else 0
    return hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds
# example output 
YTDurationToSeconds('PT15M33S')
# 933

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