如何在哈希数组中查找并返回哈希值,给定哈希中的多个其他值



我有这个散列数组:

results = [
   {"day"=>"2012-08-15", "name"=>"John", "calls"=>"5"},
   {"day"=>"2012-08-15", "name"=>"Bill", "calls"=>"8"},
   {"day"=>"2012-08-16", "name"=>"Bill", "calls"=>"11"},
]

我如何搜索结果来查找比尔在15日打了多少电话?

在阅读了"Ruby在哈希数组中轻松搜索键值对"的答案后,我认为这可能涉及扩展以下find语句:

results.find { |h| h['day'] == '2012-08-15' }['calls']

你走在了正确的轨道上!

results.find {|i| i["day"] == "2012-08-15" and i["name"] == "Bill"}["calls"]
# => "8"
results.select { |h| h['day'] == '2012-08-15' && h['name'] == 'Bill' }
  .reduce(0) { |res,h| res += h['calls'].to_i } #=> 8

一个非常笨拙的实现;)

def get_calls(hash,name,date) 
 hash.map{|result| result['calls'].to_i if result['day'] == date && result["name"] == name}.compact.reduce(:+)
end
date = "2012-08-15"
name = "Bill"
puts get_calls(results, name, date)
=> 8 

或者另一种可能的方式,但更糟的是,使用注入:

results.inject(0) { |number_of_calls, arr_element| arr_element['day'] == '2012-08-15' ? number_of_calls += 1 : number_of_calls += 0  }

请注意,您必须在每次迭代中设置number_of_calls,否则它将不起作用,例如这不起作用:

p results.inject(0) { |number_of_calls, arr_element| number_of_calls += 1 if arr_element['day'] == '2012-08-15'}

实际上,"reduce"或"inject"专门用于此精确操作(要将可枚举对象的内容缩减为单个值:

results.reduce(0) do |count, value|
  count + ( value["name"]=="Bill" && value["day"] == "2012-08-15" ? value["calls"].to_i : 0)
end

这里写得不错:"了解地图并减少"

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