按照Android USB Host文档中的说明，我设法通过USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED意图检测新的USB设备。若要将通知限制为某些设备，可以指定资源文件：
<activity ...>
...
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED" />
</intent-filter>
<meta-data android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"
android:resource="@xml/device_filter" />
</activity>
device_filter.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<usb-device vendor-id="1234" product-id="5678" />
</resources>
问题是，如果在插入 USB 设备后启动服务，则不会收到任何意图。我可以使用getDeviceList来获取设备列表，但希望避免从device_filter.xml文件中重复过滤条件。这可能吗？
过滤
功能在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/usb/UsbSettingsManager.java中实现，但不幸的是，这些是私有的。我提取了它的一部分实现，它可以像这样使用：
private void scanDevices() {
ArrayList<UsbDevice> devices;
try {
devices = UsbDeviceFilter.getMatchingHostDevices(this, R.xml.wifi_devices);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.w(TAG, "Failed to parse devices.xml: " + e.getMessage());
return;
}
for (UsbDevice device : devices) {
Log.d(TAG, "Matched device " + device);
}
}
目前只接受主机设备，但添加对辅助设备的支持是微不足道的。
UsbDeviceFilter.xml：
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.XmlResourceParser;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbDevice;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbInterface;
import android.hardware.usb.UsbManager;
/**
* Utility to test whether a USB device is accepted by a device filter. Heavily
* based on com.android.server.usb.UsbSettingsManager.
* @author Peter Wu <lekensteyn@gmail.com>
*/
public class UsbDeviceFilter {
private final List<DeviceFilter> hostDeviceFilters;
public UsbDeviceFilter(XmlPullParser parser) throws XmlPullParserException,
IOException {
hostDeviceFilters = new ArrayList<UsbDeviceFilter.DeviceFilter>();
int eventType = parser.getEventType();
while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
String tagName = parser.getName();
if ("usb-device".equals(tagName)
&& parser.getEventType() == XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
hostDeviceFilters.add(DeviceFilter.read(parser));
}
eventType = parser.next();
}
}
public boolean matchesHostDevice(UsbDevice device) {
for (DeviceFilter filter : hostDeviceFilters) {
if (filter.matches(device)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/**
* Get a list of connected USB Host devices matching the devices filter.
* @param ctx A non-null application context.
* @param resourceId The resource ID pointing to a devices filter XML file.
* @return A list of connected host devices matching the filter.
* @throws XmlPullParserException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static ArrayList<UsbDevice> getMatchingHostDevices(Context ctx,
int resourceId) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
UsbManager usbManager = (UsbManager) ctx
.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
XmlResourceParser parser = ctx.getResources().getXml(resourceId);
UsbDeviceFilter devFilter;
try {
devFilter = new UsbDeviceFilter(parser);
} finally {
parser.close();
}
ArrayList<UsbDevice> matchedDevices = new ArrayList<UsbDevice>();
for (UsbDevice device : usbManager.getDeviceList().values()) {
if (devFilter.matchesHostDevice(device)) {
matchedDevices.add(device);
}
}
return matchedDevices;
}
public static class DeviceFilter {
// USB Vendor ID (or -1 for unspecified)
public final int mVendorId;
// USB Product ID (or -1 for unspecified)
public final int mProductId;
// USB device or interface class (or -1 for unspecified)
public final int mClass;
// USB device subclass (or -1 for unspecified)
public final int mSubclass;
// USB device protocol (or -1 for unspecified)
public final int mProtocol;
private DeviceFilter(int vid, int pid, int clasz, int subclass,
int protocol) {
mVendorId = vid;
mProductId = pid;
mClass = clasz;
mSubclass = subclass;
mProtocol = protocol;
}
private static DeviceFilter read(XmlPullParser parser) {
int vendorId = -1;
int productId = -1;
int deviceClass = -1;
int deviceSubclass = -1;
int deviceProtocol = -1;
int count = parser.getAttributeCount();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
String name = parser.getAttributeName(i);
// All attribute values are ints
int value = Integer.parseInt(parser.getAttributeValue(i));
if ("vendor-id".equals(name)) {
vendorId = value;
} else if ("product-id".equals(name)) {
productId = value;
} else if ("class".equals(name)) {
deviceClass = value;
} else if ("subclass".equals(name)) {
deviceSubclass = value;
} else if ("protocol".equals(name)) {
deviceProtocol = value;
}
}
return new DeviceFilter(vendorId, productId, deviceClass,
deviceSubclass, deviceProtocol);
}
private boolean matches(int clasz, int subclass, int protocol) {
return ((mClass == -1 || clasz == mClass)
&& (mSubclass == -1 || subclass == mSubclass)
&& (mProtocol == -1 || protocol == mProtocol));
}
public boolean matches(UsbDevice device) {
if (mVendorId != -1 && device.getVendorId() != mVendorId)
return false;
if (mProductId != -1 && device.getProductId() != mProductId)
return false;
// check device class/subclass/protocol
if (matches(device.getDeviceClass(), device.getDeviceSubclass(),
device.getDeviceProtocol()))
return true;
// if device doesn't match, check the interfaces
int count = device.getInterfaceCount();
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
UsbInterface intf = device.getInterface(i);
if (matches(intf.getInterfaceClass(),
intf.getInterfaceSubclass(),
intf.getInterfaceProtocol()))
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
}
这个解决方案对我来说非常有效：
<activity ...>
......
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED" />
</intent-filter>
<meta-data android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"
android:resource="@xml/device_filter" />
</activity>
device_filter.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<usb-device vendor-id="6790" product-id="29987" />
</resources>
供应商 ID 和产品 ID 适用于通用 CH340 中文 Arduino 克隆现在，权限对话框窗口永远不会弹出。