我正在实现使用AgentRestClient
bean从外部系统获取一些数据的SchedulerService
。看起来像这样:
@Service
public class SchedulerService {
@Inject
private AgentRestClient agentRestClient;
public String updateStatus(String uuid) {
String status = agentRestClient.get(uuid);
...
}
...
}
要测试此服务,我正在使用Cucumber,同时我尝试使用Spring Boot的@MockBean
注释来模拟AgentRestClient
的行为,如下:
import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.java.Before;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockBean;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = CentralApp.class)
@CucumberOptions(glue = {"com.company.project.cucumber.stepdefs", "cucumber.api.spring"})
public class RefreshActiveJobsStepDefs {
@MockBean
private AgentRestClient agentRestClient;
@Inject
private SchedulerService schedulerService;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
given(agentRestClient.get(anyString())).willReturn("FINISHED");//agentRestClient is always null here
}
//Skipping the actual Given-When-Then Cucumber steps...
}
当我尝试运行任何黄瓜方案时,agentRestClient
从未被模拟/注入。setUp()
方法在NPE中失败:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.company.project.cucumber.stepdefs.scheduler.RefreshActiveJobsStepDefs.setUp(RefreshActiveJobsStepDefs.java:38)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils$1.call(Utils.java:37)
at cucumber.runtime.Timeout.timeout(Timeout.java:13)
at cucumber.runtime.Utils.invoke(Utils.java:31)
at cucumber.runtime.java.JavaHookDefinition.execute(JavaHookDefinition.java:60)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHookIfTagsMatch(Runtime.java:223)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runHooks(Runtime.java:211)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.runBeforeHooks(Runtime.java:201)
at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberScenario.run(CucumberScenario.java:40)
at cucumber.runtime.model.CucumberFeature.run(CucumberFeature.java:165)
at cucumber.runtime.Runtime.run(Runtime.java:121)
at cucumber.api.cli.Main.run(Main.java:36)
at cucumber.api.cli.Main.main(Main.java:18)
要到达这一点,我遵循以下2个资源,但仍然没有运气才能正常工作:
- https://spring.io/blog/2016/04/15/testing-improvements-in-spring-boot-boot-1-4
- http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/api/org/springframework/boot/boot/test/mock/mockito/mockito/mockbean.html
罪魁祸首似乎是黄瓜整合到弹簧中,因为当我使用普通的junit @Test
方法尝试相同的方法时,嘲笑如预期的。
所以你能告诉我我错过或误解的黄瓜或春季配置吗?
谢谢bogdan
@3WJ的方法对我有用。就我而言,bean可选地注入控制器。在这种情况下,@mockbean将行不通,我想原因是bean并不难引用。添加一个额外的注释@Autowired以使bean难以引用,然后弹簧将初始化bean。
@RestController
public class MyController {
public MyController(@Autowired(required = false) IMyService myService) {
this.myService = myService;
}
@GetMapping("/the/path")
public ResponseEntity<String> getData() {
if(this.myService==null){
//Throw service unavaillable exception
}
String data = this.myService.getData();
return new ResponseEntity<>(data, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class MyControllerIT {
@Value("${local.server.port}")
private int port;
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
@MockBean
private IMyService myService
@Test
public void testQuery() throws Exception {
// restTemplate to call rest API....
}
}
好的,所以我发现@MockBean
注释被忽略了,因为我用黄瓜运行了测试,而不是通过Spring Boot运行它们。du ...
所以我用 @MockBean
替换了 CC_9,然后手动将模拟的人注入我的服务层。
所以我的测试看起来像这样:
@SpringBootTest(classes = CentralApp.class)
@ContextConfiguration
public class RefreshActiveJobsStepDefs {
@Inject
private SchedulerService schedulerService;
@Mock
private AgentRestClient agentRestClient;
@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
given(agentRestClient.get(anyString())).willReturn("FINISHED");
schedulerService.setAgentRestClient(agentRestClient);
}
//Skipping the actual Given-When-Then Cucumber steps...
}
您可以看到,我还删除了@CucumberOptions(glue=...)
注释,现在我确保通过跑步者将其传递,而对于CLI来说,它将通过使用--glue
选项。
我希望这会有所帮助。
我在2023年遇到了这个问题,并在GitHub问题中的这一评论
中设法解决了该问题@cucumbercontextconfiguration注释的类传递给Springs testContextManager,并且经过同一处理的类别将在Junit中。因此,这应该导致使用模拟的MyService Bean创建的应用程序上下文。
换句话说,您需要将@MockBean
声明移至@CucumberContextConfiguration
类,然后将其注入步骤定义类(例如使用@Autowired
)。
这是对我有用的代码:
@SpringBootTest
@CucumberContextConfiguration
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
plugin = {"pretty"},
glue = "xxx",
features = "classpath:xxx"
)
public class AcceptanceTestSuite {
@MockBean MyMock mock;
}
,然后
public class ScenarioStepDefinitions {
@Autowired MyMock mock;
// ... steps
}
@mockbean不忽略,bean被模拟但没有注入,因此您可以通过@Inject注入它,这对我来说很好:
@Inject
@MockBean
private AgentRestClient agentRestClient;