我正在制作一个应用程序,该应用程序需要使用一个似乎没有实现UI Automation元素的程序的UI(Inspect.Exe只显示主窗格,没有显示子窗格)。
因此,我研究了实现所需功能的最佳方法,并找到了SendInput(),它显然是keybd_event()和mouse_event的新版本。
然而,由于它需要键盘聚焦,而且我负担不起将目标窗口设置为前台(以避免在运行时打扰用户),我一直在搜索,直到找到这个答案。我按照Skurmedel所说的做了,并将应用程序的线程连接到目标的窗口线程。但现在,即使我将Focus()设置为目标,然后再设置SendInput(),目标窗口也不会受到影响。
我的问题要么是"为什么这不起作用?"要么是"我做错了什么?",但我想一个代码示例会帮助解决这个问题:
线程处理程序类
class ThreadHandler
{
#region P/Invoking and constants definition
const uint WM_GETTEXT = 0x000D;
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern IntPtr SetFocus(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern int GetWindowThreadProcessId(IntPtr hWnd, uint lpdwProcessId = 0);
delegate bool EnumThreadDelegate(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr lParam);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool EnumThreadWindows(int dwThreadId, EnumThreadDelegate lpfn,
IntPtr lParam);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
static extern bool AttachThreadInput(int idAttach, int idAttachTo, bool fAttach);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
static extern int GetCurrentThreadId();
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
static extern IntPtr SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, UInt32 Msg, int wParam, StringBuilder lParam);
#endregion
public readonly string ProcessName, WindowName;
protected readonly int TargetThreadID, CurrentThreadID;
protected readonly IntPtr TargetWindowHandle;
public ThreadHandler(string processName, string windowName)
{
CurrentThreadID = GetCurrentThreadId();
ProcessName = processName;
WindowName = windowName;
object[] objs = GetWindowThread(processName, windowName);
if (objs == null)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Could not find the specified process/window.");
}
TargetThreadID = (int)objs[0];
TargetWindowHandle = (IntPtr)objs[1];
}
public ThreadHandler(string processName)
{
CurrentThreadID = GetCurrentThreadId();
ProcessName = processName;
var processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(ProcessName);
if (processes.Length == 0)
{
throw new ArgumentException("Could not find the specified process.");
}
var appProc = processes[0];
WindowName = appProc.MainWindowTitle;
TargetThreadID = GetWindowThreadProcessId(appProc.MainWindowHandle);
TargetWindowHandle = appProc.MainWindowHandle;
}
public bool AttachThreadInput()
{
return AttachThreadInput(CurrentThreadID, TargetThreadID, true);
}
public bool DetachThreadInput()
{
return AttachThreadInput(CurrentThreadID, TargetThreadID, false);
}
public void SetFocus()
{
SetFocus(TargetWindowHandle);
}
static object[] GetWindowThread(string processName, string windowName)
{
var processes = Process.GetProcessesByName(processName);
if (processes.Length > 0)
{
//Fill a list of handles
var handles = new List<IntPtr>();
foreach (ProcessThread thread in processes[0].Threads)
EnumThreadWindows(thread.Id,
(hWnd, lParam) => { handles.Add(hWnd); return true; }, IntPtr.Zero);
//Create a stringbuilder to function as storage unit
StringBuilder nameBuffer = new StringBuilder(64);
foreach (var hWnd in handles)
{
//And finally compare the caption of the window with the requested name
nameBuffer.Clear();
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_GETTEXT, nameBuffer.Capacity, nameBuffer);
if (nameBuffer.ToString() == windowName)
{
return new object[2] { GetWindowThreadProcessId(hWnd), hWnd };
}
}
}
return null;
}
}
应用的主要方法
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Please input the name of the process to hook: ");
string pName = Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Input the name of a specific window, or leave blank: ");
string pWnd = Console.ReadLine();
ThreadHandler threadHandler;
try
{
if(!String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(pWnd))
threadHandler = new ThreadHandler(pName, pWnd);
else
threadHandler = new ThreadHandler(pName);
}
catch
{
Console.WriteLine("Error: " + pName +" does not seem to be running.");
Console.ReadKey();
return;
}
if (!threadHandler.AttachThreadInput())
{
Console.WriteLine("Error: The application tried to attach its Input Processing Mechanism to " + threadHandler.ProcessName + ", but failed.");
Console.ReadKey();
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("Input Processing Mechanism correctly attached to " + threadHandler.ProcessName + ".");
threadHandler.SetFocus();
InputSimulator.SimulateTextEntry("test"); //InputSimulator is a seemingly famous SendInput wrapper. Replacing this line with the code for a keystroke also doesn't work.
Console.ReadLine();
Console.WriteLine("Detaching Input Processing Mechanism.");
threadHandler.DetachThreadInput();
}
如果你能向我解释SendInput()的奥秘艺术,请提前感谢。
确保将击键发送到的特定控件正确聚焦
您应该能够使用SetFocus将焦点放在您发送击键的控件上。
SendMessage和PostMessage也可以用于发送击键,但这是一种糟糕的做法,应该避免。
有关通过.NET.中的Forms类发送击键的信息,请查看System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys
在很多情况下,如果你不需要按键本身,你可以使用带有WM_SETTEXT的SendMessage更改窗口上的文本,如果这是你想要做的