我的程序中出错!!!此操作没有呈现队列

Question

我正在用 ruby 和 gosu 创建一个游戏，但出现错误：

C：/

Ruby26-x64/destroy！/bullet.rb：14：indraw_rot': There is no rendering queue for this operation (RuntimeError) from C:/Ruby26-x64/destroy!/bullet.rb:14:indraw' 来自 C：/Ruby26-x64/destroy！/player.rb：45：infire' from C:/Ruby26-x64/destroy!/destroy.rb:36:in更新' 从 C：/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/gosu-0.14.5-x64-mingw32/lib/gosu/patches.rb：72：intick' from C:/Ruby26-x64/lib/ruby/gems/2.6.0/gems/gosu-0.14.5-x64-mingw32/lib/gosu/patches.rb:72:in勾' from C：/Ruby26-x64/destroy！/destroy.rb：40：in '' [0.517秒内完成]

我试图将子弹类中的抽奖更改为draw_rot，但无济于事。

我的课程

摧毁

require 'gosu'
require 'cmath'
require_relative 'player.rb'
require_relative 'enemy.rb'
require_relative 'bullet.rb'
class Destroy < Gosu::Window
def initialize
super(800, 600)
self.caption = 'Destroy!'
@player = Player.new(self)
@enemies = []
@enemies.push(Enemy.new(self))
end
def draw
@player.draw
@enemies.each do |enemy|
enemy.draw
end
end
def update
@player.righturn if button_down?(Gosu::KbRight)
@player.lefturn if button_down?(Gosu::KbLeft)
@player.startmove
@player.move if button_down?(Gosu::KbUp)
@freq = 0.0025
if rand < @freq
@enemies.push(Enemy.new(self))
end
@enemies.each do |enemy|
enemy.move
enemy.update(@player.x, @player.y)
end
if @freq < 0.5
@freq += 0.0002
end
@player.fire(self)
end
end
window = Destroy.new
window.show

子弹

class Bullet
attr_accessor :x
attr_accessor :y
attr_accessor :fired
def initialize(window)
@image = Gosu::Image.new('C:Ruby26-x64destroy!imagesbullet.png')
@fired = 0
@x = 0
@y = 0
end
def draw(x, y)
@x = x
@y = y
@image.draw_rot(x, y, 1, 0)
@fired = 1
end
def update(angle)
@xspeed = Gosu.offset_x(angle, 2)
@yspeed = Gosu.offset_y(angle, 2)
if (@x > 800 || @x < 0 || @y > 600 || @y < 0)
@fired = 0
end
end
end

选手

require_relative 'bullet.rb'
require 'gosu'
class Player
attr_accessor :x
attr_accessor :y
def initialize(window)
@x = 200
@y = 200
@xspeed = 0
@yspeed = 0
@angle = 0
@image = Gosu::Image.new('C:/Ruby26-x64/destroy!/images/man.png')
end
def draw
@image.draw_rot(@x, @y, 1, @angle)
end
def righturn
@angle += 3
end
def lefturn
@angle -= 3
end
def startmove
@xspeed = Gosu.offset_x(@angle, 2)
@yspeed = Gosu.offset_y(@angle, 2)
end
def move
if @x > 767
@xpeed = 0
@x = 767
end
if @x < 33
@xpeed = 0
@x = 33
end
if @y > 567
@yspeed = 0
@y = 567
end
@x += @xspeed
@y += @yspeed
end
def fire(window)
@bullet = Bullet.new(window)
@bullet.draw(@x, @y)
while @bullet.fired = 1
@bullet.update(@angle)
end
end
end

敌人

require 'cmath'
class Enemy
def initialize(window)
@flipped = 0
@x = rand(800 - 2 * 30) + 30
@y = rand(600 - 2 * 30) + 30
@firefreq = 1 / 60
@health = 5
@numkilled = 0
@dead = 0
@xspeed = 0
@yspeed = 0
@angle = 0
@image = Gosu::Image.new('C:/Ruby26-x64/destroy!/images/enemy.png')
@imageflipped = Gosu::Image.new('C:/Ruby26-x64/destroy!/images/enemyflip.png')
end
def gethit
@health -= 1
end
def die
@numkilled += 1
@dead = 1
end
def move
if rand < 0.1
@xspeed = rand(-3..3)
@yspeed = rand(-3..3)
end
if @x + @xspeed > 800
@x = 800
end
if @x + @xspeed < 0
@x = 0
end
if @y + @yspeed > 600
@y = 600
end
if @y + @yspeed < 0
@y = 0
end
if !(@y + @yspeed < 0 && @y + @yspeed > 600 && @x + @xspeed < 0 && @x + @xspeed > 800)
@y += @yspeed
@x += @xspeed
end
end
def draw
if @dead == 0
if @flipped == 1
@imageflipped.draw_rot(@x, @y, 1, @angle)
end
if @flipped == 0
@image.draw_rot(@x, @y, 1, @angle)
end
end
end
def update(xdist, ydist)
if @x < xdist
(@angle = CMath.atan((ydist - @y) / (xdist - @x)) * 180 / 3.14159265358979323846264338327950289)
@flipped = 0
end
if @x > xdist
(@angle = CMath.atan(-(ydist - @y) / (@x - xdist)) * 180 / 3.14159265358979323846264338327950289)
@flipped = 1
end
end
end

我完全不明白。

Answer 1

您的Destroy#update方法调用Player#fire调用Bullet#draw调用Gosu::Image#draw_rot。不能从主update方法中调用绘制方法。

您必须将@bullet.draw方法调用从Player#fire(在主update期间调用(移动到Player#draw(在主draw期间调用(