我在 Rails 4 中进行测试时得到此错误msg
Error:
ArticlesControllerTest#test_x:
ActionView::Template::Error: undefined method `state' for nil:NilClass
错误发生在视图中的以下行:
<% @articles.each do |article| %>
<div id="article-container">
<div id="article-content">
<ul>
<li> <b>Status:</b> <%= article.status_id %></li>
<li> <b>State:</b> <%= article.state.state %></li
>
文章的模型看起来像这样
belongs_to :user
belongs_to :book, primary_key: :ISBN, foreign_key: :ISBN
has_one :state, primary_key: :states_id, foreign_key: "id"
has_one :status, primary_key: :status_id, foreign_key: "id"
has_and_belongs_to_many :courses
validates :ISBN, presence: true
validates :states_id, presence: true
validates :user_id, presence: true
validates :price, presence: true
validates :status_id, presence: true
这是架构中的文章和状态表
文章表:
create_table "articles", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "ISBN"
t.integer "user_id"
t.integer "price"
t.integer "status_id"
t.datetime "created_at", null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
t.integer "states_id"
t.index ["states_id"], name: "index_articles_on_states_id"
end
状态表:
create_table "states", force: :cascade do |t|
t.string "state"
t.datetime "created_at", null: false
t.datetime "updated_at", null: false
end
问题在于运行此测试(从顶部显示文件直到有问题的测试(:
require 'test_helper'
class ArticlesControllerTest < ActionDispatch::IntegrationTest
include Devise::Test::IntegrationHelpers
setup do
@article_normal = articles(:normal_article)
@article_admin = articles(:admin_article)
@normal_user = users(:normal_user)
@admin_user = users(:admin_user)
@normal_user.id = @article_normal.user_id
@admin_user.id = @article_admin.user_id
end
test "test x" do
get articles_url
assert_response :success
end
测试提供错误消息,而在本地主机中它工作。
编辑测试数据库中填充了夹具。
物品固定装置
normal_article:
ISBN: 9788252179675
user_id: 1
price: 500
states_id: 1
status_id: 1
admin_article:
ISBN: 9788252179675
user_id: 2
price: 400
states_id: 1
status_id: 1
article_controller中的控制器方法:
# GET /articles
# GET /articles.json
def index
@articles = Article.all
@courses = Course.all
@states = State.all
if params[:search]
@articles = Article.search(params[:search])
else
@articles = Article.all
end
end
您article
灯具未正确引用state
夹具。
与其通过固定id
引用state
(您在夹具中使用:state_id: 1
(,不如为状态夹具中的每个state
提供一个专有名称,并像这样使用该名称:state: valid_state
引用 Rails 指南中有关如何在夹具中使用关联的内容:
如果使用关联,则只需在两个不同的夹具之间定义一个参照节点即可。下面是一个具有
belongs_to
/has_many
关联的示例:# In fixtures/categories.yml about: name: About # In fixtures/articles.yml first: title: Welcome to Rails! body: Hello world! category: about
请注意,在
fixtures/articles.yml
中找到的first
文章的category
键的值为about
。这告诉 Rails 加载在fixtures/categories.yml
中找到的类别。要使关联按名称相互引用,可以使用夹具名称,而不是在关联的夹具上指定 id: 属性。轨道将自动分配一个主键,以便在运行之间保持一致。[...]