在ElasticSearch中省略默认的Logstash字段

Question

使用:input | filter | output> ElasticSearch处理数据后，数据存储的格式有点像:

"_index": "logstash-2012.07.02",
"_type": "stdin",
"_id": "JdRaI5R6RT2do_WhCYM-qg",
"_score": 0.30685282,
"_source": {
    "@source": "stdin://dist/",
    "@type": "stdin",
    "@tags": [
        "tag1",
        "tag2"
    ],
    "@fields": {},
    "@timestamp": "2012-07-02T06:17:48.533000Z",
    "@source_host": "dist",
    "@source_path": "/",
    "@message": "test"
}

我在特定字段中过滤/存储大多数重要信息，是否可以省略默认字段，如:@source_path和@source_host?在不久的将来，它将存储80亿个日志/月，我想运行一些性能测试，排除这些默认字段(我只是不使用这些字段)。

Answer 1

从输出中删除字段:

filter {
    mutate {
        # remove duplicate fields
        # this leaves timestamp from message and source_path for source
        remove => ["@timestamp", "@source"]
    }
 }

Answer 2

这取决于你使用什么web界面来查看日志。我正在使用Kibana和一个客户记录器(c#)，它对以下内容进行索引:

{
  "_index": "logstash-2013.03.13",
  "_type": "logs",
  "_id": "n3GzIC68R1mcdj6Wte6jWw",
  "_version": 1,
  "_score": 1,
  "_source": 
  {
    "@source": "File",
    "@message": "Shalom",
    "@fields": 
    {
      "tempor": "hit"
    },
    "@tags": 
    [
      "tag1"
    ],
    "level": "Info"
    "@timestamp": "2013-03-13T21:47:51.9838974Z"
  }
}

在Kibana中显示，而源字段不在那里。

Answer 3

要排除某些字段，可以使用修剪过滤器插件。

filter {
    prune {
        blacklist_names => [ "@timestamp", "@source" ]
    }
}

修剪过滤器不是logstash的默认插件，必须先安装:

bin/logstash-plugin install logstash-filter-prune