为什么我得到未初始化的常量FactoryGirl::Syntax (NameError)时设置gem为require:

Question

在为一些测试设置数据库种子之前，我不想运行任何工厂。

当我添加require: false到factory_girl_rails时，我得到以下错误:

rails_helper.rb:37:in `block in <top (required)>': uninitialized constant FactoryGirl::Syntax (NameError)

Gem文件:

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '4.2.6'
gem 'sass-rails', '~> 5.0'
gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.3.0'
gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 4.1.0'
gem 'jquery-rails'
gem 'turbolinks'
gem 'jbuilder', '~> 2.0'
gem 'sdoc', '~> 0.4.0', group: :doc
gem 'puma'
gem 'bootstrap-sass'
gem 'simple_form'
gem 'redcarpet' #This gem parses markup language to HTML
gem 'devise'
gem 'email_validator'
gem 'date_validator'
gem 'rolify'
gem 'country_select'
group :development do
  gem 'web-console'
  gem 'better_errors'
end

group :development, :test do
  gem 'sqlite3'
  gem 'byebug'
  gem 'spring'
end
group :test do
  gem 'spring-commands-rspec'
  gem 'rspec-rails'
  gem 'factory_girl_rails', require: false
  gem 'faker'
    gem 'capybara'
  gem 'launchy'
  gem 'selenium-webdriver'
    gem 'database_cleaner'
  gem 'shoulda-matchers', require: false
end
group :production do
    gem 'pg'
    gem 'rails_12factor' 
end
ruby "2.2.3"

rails_helper.rb

# This file is copied to spec/ when you run 'rails generate rspec:install'
ENV['RAILS_ENV'] ||= 'test'
require File.expand_path('../../config/environment', __FILE__)
# Prevent database truncation if the environment is production
abort("The Rails environment is running in production mode!") if Rails.env.production?
require 'spec_helper'
require 'rspec/rails'
require 'shoulda_helper'
require 'shoulda/matchers'
require 'devise'
require 'support/controller_macros'

# Add additional requires below this line. Rails is not loaded until this point!
# Requires supporting ruby files with custom matchers and macros, etc, in
# spec/support/ and its subdirectories. Files matching `spec/**/*_spec.rb` are
# run as spec files by default. This means that files in spec/support that end
# in _spec.rb will both be required and run as specs, causing the specs to be
# run twice. It is recommended that you do not name files matching this glob to
# end with _spec.rb. You can configure this pattern with the --pattern
# option on the command line or in ~/.rspec, .rspec or `.rspec-local`.
#
# The following line is provided for convenience purposes. It has the downside
# of increasing the boot-up time by auto-requiring all files in the support
# directory. Alternatively, in the individual `*_spec.rb` files, manually
# require only the support files necessary.
#
# Dir[Rails.root.join('spec/support/**/*.rb')].each { |f| require f }
# Checks for pending migration and applies them before tests are run.
# If you are not using ActiveRecord, you can remove this line.
ActiveRecord::Migration.maintain_test_schema!
RSpec.configure do |config|
  #this allow me to not have to write FactoryGirl inside my tests
  config.include FactoryGirl::Syntax::Methods
  # Remove this line if you're not using ActiveRecord or ActiveRecord fixtures
  # config.fixture_path = "#{::Rails.root}/spec/fixtures"
  # If you're not using ActiveRecord, or you'd prefer not to run each of your
  # examples within a transaction, remove the following line or assign false
  # instead of true.
  config.use_transactional_fixtures = true
  # RSpec Rails can automatically mix in different behaviours to your tests
  # based on their file location, for example enabling you to call `get` and
  # `post` in specs under `spec/controllers`.
  #
  # You can disable this behaviour by removing the line below, and instead
  # explicitly tag your specs with their type, e.g.:
  #
  #     RSpec.describe UsersController, :type => :controller do
  #       # ...
  #     end
  #
  # The different available types are documented in the features, such as in
  # https://relishapp.com/rspec/rspec-rails/docs
  config.infer_spec_type_from_file_location!
  # Filter lines from Rails gems in backtraces.
  config.filter_rails_from_backtrace!
  # arbitrary gems may also be filtered via:
  # config.filter_gems_from_backtrace("gem name")
  config.include Devise::TestHelpers, type: :controller
  config.extend ControllerMacros,     type: :controller
end

Answer 1

您必须需要FactoryGirl才能使用它。

一种方法是删除require: false另一种方法是使用

在rails_helper.rb中要求它

require 'factory_girl_rails'