我们正在视图上运行一个简单的选择（其中包含大量数据），并且我们得到"超出GC开销限制，内存不足错误。我们希望运行此查询，以便在此视图上运行的报表可以正常工作。它在Tez上运行。
查询运行 4+ 小时并失败。 有什么方法可以运行此查询，例如一些设置选项？
查询
select * from inc_cts.v_report_pub_view;
错误信息-
TaskAttempt 0 failed, info=
» Error: Failure while running task:java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:173)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.run(TezProcessor.java:139)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.run(LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.java:347)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:194)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1724)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:181)
at org.apache.tez.common.CallableWithNdc.call(CallableWithNdc.java:36)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:204)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:149)
... 14 more
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:389)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:482)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initializeChildren(Operator.java:439)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:376)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:182)
... 15 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:387)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.listRealloc(FlatRowContainer.java:259)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.add(FlatRowContainer.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.HashMapWrapper.putRow(HashMapWrapper.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.HashTableLoader.load(HashTableLoader.java:211)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator.loadHashTable(MapJoinOperator.java:310)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:179)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:175)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache.retrieve(ObjectCache.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache$1.call(ObjectCache.java:92)
... 4 more
TaskAttempt 1 killed
TaskAttempt 2 killed
TaskAttempt 3 failed, info=
» Error: Failure while running task:java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:173)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.run(TezProcessor.java:139)
at or
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:389)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:482)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initializeChildren(Operator.java:439)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:376)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:182)
... 15 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:387)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.listRealloc(FlatRowContainer.java:259)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.add(FlatRowContainer.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.HashMapWrapper.putRow(HashMapWrapper.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.HashTableLoader.load(HashTableLoader.java:211)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator.loadHashTable(MapJoinOperator.java:310)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:179)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:175)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache.retrieve(ObjectCache.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache$1.call(ObjectCache.java:92)
... 4 more
TaskAttempt 4 killed
TaskAttempt 5 failed, info=
» Error: Failure while running task:java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:173)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.run(TezProcessor.java:139)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.run(LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.java:347)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:194)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1724)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:181)
at org.apache.tez.common.CallableWithNdc.call(CallableWithNdc.java:36)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:204)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:149)
... 14 more
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:389)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:482)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initializeChildren(Operator.java:439)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:376)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:182)
... 15 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:387)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.listRealloc(FlatRowContainer.java:259)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.add(FlatRowContainer.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.HashMapWrapper.putRow(HashMapWrapper.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.HashTableLoader.load(HashTableLoader.java:211)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator.loadHashTable(MapJoinOperator.java:310)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:179)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:175)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache.retrieve(ObjectCache.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache$1.call(ObjectCache.java:92)
... 4 more
TaskAttempt 6 failed, info=
» Error: Failure while running task:java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:173)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.run(TezProcessor.java:139)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.run(LogicalIOProcessorRuntimeTask.java:347)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:194)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable$1.run(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)
at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1724)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:185)
at org.apache.tez.runtime.task.TezTaskRunner$TaskRunnerCallable.callInternal(TezTaskRunner.java:181)
at org.apache.tez.common.CallableWithNdc.call(CallableWithNdc.java:36)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Reduce operator initialization failed
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:204)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.TezProcessor.initializeAndRunProcessor(TezProcessor.java:149)
... 14 more
Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:389)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:379)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:482)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initializeChildren(Operator.java:439)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.initialize(Operator.java:376)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ReduceRecordProcessor.init(ReduceRecordProcessor.java:182)
... 15 more
Caused by: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:192)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.Operator.completeInitialization(Operator.java:387)
... 20 more
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.listRealloc(FlatRowContainer.java:259)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.FlatRowContainer.add(FlatRowContainer.java:86)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.persistence.HashMapWrapper.putRow(HashMapWrapper.java:133)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.HashTableLoader.load(HashTableLoader.java:211)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator.loadHashTable(MapJoinOperator.java:310)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:179)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.MapJoinOperator$1.call(MapJoinOperator.java:175)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache.retrieve(ObjectCache.java:75)
at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.tez.ObjectCache$1.call(ObjectCache.java:92)
... 4 more
根据日志，异常在MapJoin HashTableLoader中OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded。
检查当前设置并相应地增加：
set hive.tez.container.size=4096MB;
set hive.auto.convert.join.noconditionaltask.size=1370MB --recommended one third of container size
尝试使用内存优化哈希表：
set hive.mapjoin.optimized.hashtable=true;
set hive.mapjoin.optimized.hashtable.wbsize=10485760; --Default Value (10 * 1024 * 1024)
--Optimized hashtable uses a chain of buffers to store data. This is one buffer size.
最后，如果没有任何帮助，您可以关闭mapjoin：
set hive.auto.convert.join=false;